Association of 16 priority polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons with humic acid and humin fractions in a peat soil and implications for their long-term retention

Chen, Weixiao; Wang, Hui; Gao, Qile; Yin, Chuancun; Li, Senlin; Yang, Yu; Werner, David; Tao, Shu; Wang, Xilong

doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2017.07.038

Cited by 63 publications

(24 citation statements)

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“…Soil organic matter consists of a diversity of components with various molecular weights, functional groups and polarities, which control the dynamics of contaminants in the soil through hydrophobic interactions, electrostatic interactions or the formation of chemical bonds (Pignatello 2011;Pignatello 2012;Chen et al 2017;Bejger et al 2018;Ukalska-Jaruga et al 2018). According to Pignatello (2011Pignatello ( , 2012, the main components of SOM are humic substances (HS) and black carbon (BC), and based on their molecular structure, they may significantly impact PAH concentration.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil organic matter composition as a factor affecting the accumulation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons

2018

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Purpose The objective of this study was to evaluate the mutual relations between the soil organic matter (SOM) fractions: fulvic acids (FA), humic acids (HA), humins (HN), black carbon (BC) and the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) accumulation level in agricultural soils influenced by historical and actual anthropopressure. The research allowed to indicate which fractions of SOM are the major sequestration sinks for PAHs after they are naturally introduced into the soil. Materials and methods Soil samples were collected from the upper layer of agricultural soils (n = 41), and basic physicochemical properties (pH KCl , total carbon, total nitrogen and clay content) were determined. The SOM was characterised by the total organic carbon content and humic substances, including HA, FA and HN, determined by an adapted method recommended by the International Humic Substances Society. The extracts of HA and FA were analysed for carbon content using a liquid CN analyser, while HN constituted the soil carbon in the residue after FA and HA extraction. The content of BC was analysed by dry combustion at 375°C for 24 h (CTO375); the remaining carbon was determined via combustion in an elemental analyser. Results and discussion In all soils, significant positive relations between PAH concentrations and TOC content (r = 0.73, p < 0.001) as well as HN (r = 0.71, p < 0.001) and BC (r = 0.86, p < 0.001) were noted. Relations among PAHs, HN and BC were statistically significant only in soils with TOC content ≥ 12 g kg −1 , while they were not observed for soils with TOC content < 12 g kg −1. The links between HN and PAHs were stronger for low-molecular (two and three rings)-weight PAHs (r = 0.77, p < 0.05) than for high-molecular (≥ four rings) PAHs (r = 0.68, p < 0.05). Contrary to HN, the BC faction showed higher correlations with high-molecular-weight PAHs (r = 0.92, p < 0.001). FA and HA showed no significant relationship with hydrocarbons. Conclusions Different SOM fractions might possess divergent binding capabilities and dissimilar binding strengths to PAHs. The different proportions and sorption capacities of BC and HN in relation to PAHs of different molecular weight are the result of varying structure, i.e. polar and non-polar functionalities in sorption domains and pore-size structures of these fractions. The high correlation between BC and higher-molecular PAHs may be a result of their co-emission, while the stronger relationships between HN and lower-molecular PAHs are directly related to their higher mobility and easier diffusion to stable SOM fractions.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil organic matter composition as a factor affecting the accumulation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons

2018

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“…The highest average concentrations were characteristic for four-ring compounds, such as: Chry (391.8 mg kg −1 ), Fla (214.3 mg kg −1 ), Pyr (141.3 mg kg −1 ), and BaA (16.2 mg kg −1 ), while the sum of two ring (Nap) and three ring (Acy, Ace, Fl, Phe, and Ant) PAH compounds, as well as five ring (Bbf, BkF, and BaP) and six ring (IcdP, DahA, and BghiP) compounds were present at much lower concentrations, with the average values of 4.1 mg kg −1 and 2.1 mg kg −1 , respectively. Despite the very high average concentrations of some individual PAHs, the median value of Σ16PAHs was generally low, at the level of 0.7 mg kg −1 , which still gives a much higher content than that recorded from China [39], Japan [40] or European countries, such as Norway [41], Poland [15,18,42,43], and Czech Republic [19].…”

Section: The Pahs Concentration Level In Soilsmentioning

confidence: 77%

Residues of Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) in Agricultural Soils Adjacent to Historical Sources of Their Storage and Distribution—The Case Study of Azerbaijan

Ukalska‐Jaruga

Lewińska

Mammadov³

et al. 2020

Molecules

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The aim of this study was to identify and examine the levels of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in soil collected from the surroundings of historical pesticide storage facilities on former agricultural aerodromes, warehouses, and pesticide distribution sites located in the most important agricultural regions in Azerbaijan. The conducted research included determination of three groups of POPs (occurring together), in the natural soil environment influenced for many years by abiotic and biotic factors that could have caused their transformations or decomposition. In this study, soil samples were collected in 21 georeferenced points located in the administrative area of Bilasuvar, Saatly, Sabirabad, Salyan and Jalilabad districts of Azerbaijan. Soil chemical analysis involved determination of organochlorine compounds (OCP): hexachlorocyclohexanes (HCHs) (three isomers α-HCH, β-HCH and γ-HCH) and dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethanes (DDTs) (six congeners 2,4 DDT; 4,4 DDT; 2,4 DDE; 4,4 DDE; 2,4 DDE; and 4,4 DDE); polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs): 16 compounds from the United States Environmental Protection Agency US EPA list and, PCBs (seven congeners identified with the following IUPAC numbers: 28, 52, 101, 118, 138, 153, and 180). Our research showed that OCPs reached the highest concentration in the studied areas. The total concentrations of OCPs ranged from 0.01 to 21,888 mg·kg −1 with significantly higher concentrations of Σ6DDTs (0.01 µg kg −1 to 21880 mg kg −1 ) compared to ΣHCH (0.14 ng kg −1 to 166.72 µg kg −1 ). The total concentrations of PCBs in the studied soils was varied from 0.02 to 147.30 µg·kg −1 but only PCB138 and PCB180 were detected in all analyzed samples. The concentrations of Σ16 PAHs were also strongly diversified throughout the sampling areas and ranged from 0.15 to 16,026 mg kg −1 . The obtained results confirmed that the agricultural soils of Azerbaijan contained much lower (up to by three orders of magnitude) concentrations of PCBs and PAHs than DDT. It is supported by the fact that PCBs and PAHs were not directly used by agriculture sector and their content results from secondary sources, such as combustion and various industrial processes. Moreover, the high concentrations of PAHs in studied soils were associated with their location in direct neighborhood of the airport, as well as with accumulation of contaminants from dispersed sources and long range transport. The high concentrations of pesticides confirm that deposition of parent OCPs have occurred from obsolete pesticide landfills.

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“…The low level of PAH accumulation in S-SOM proves that the E-SOM faction played a dominant role in hydrocarbon association in this experiment. The different degree of PAH sorption by S-SOM probably depends on the chemical and structural heterogeneity of SOM (Pignatello et al 2006;Pignatello 2012;Chen et al 2017;Qi et al 2017). This effect has been more described in detail in our previous publication (Ukalska-Jaruga et al 2019b).…”

Section: Effect Of Ercm-biochar On Pah Dissipationmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…2; Table 2, Table S4-ESM). A crucial role in this process is played by S-SOM and E-SOM fractions, which represent the most ubiquitous and widespread natural non-living organic materials such as humic substances (Pignatello 2012;Chen et al 2017). The content of the PAH-rest fraction remaining after E-SOM extraction and related with freely dissolved PAHs was also changed over time (Fig.…”

Section: Effect Of Ercm-biochar On Pah Dissipationmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…A variety of mechanisms can be responsible for the interactions occurring between PAHs and SOM or ERCM. According to Schaumann (2006a, b), Wang et al (2011), Pignatello (2012, and Chen et al (2017), aging of PAHs is strongly related with sorption and degradation processes. Sorption may be categorized by the type of intermolecular forces that characterize the sorbate-immobile phase interaction: chemisorption, physisorption, and ion exchange (Kah et al 2017).…”

Section: Effect Of Ercm-biochar On Pah Dissipationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dissipation and sorption processes of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) to organic matter in soils amended by exogenous rich-carbon material

2019

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Purpose The aim of the research was to assess the effect of biochar addition on aging, degradation, and sorption processes of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) to soil organic matter. The study was carried out as a sorption experiment in strictly controlled water and air conditions, which allowed for the accurate observation and prediction of PAH behavior in soils. Materials and methods Four soils were fortified with a PAH mixture (Fluorene-Flu, Anthracene-Ant, Phenanthrene-Phe, Pyrene-Pyr, Chrysene-Chry) at 20 mg kg −1 of single-compound concentration level. The experiment was carried out in two trials: soils + 5PAHs amended with biochar and soil + 5PAHs without biochar addition with incubation times of 0, 1, 3, 6, and 9 months. After each interval time, the extractable (E-SOM) and stable organic matter (S-SOM) were measured as well as PAHs determined in two forms: total concentration (PAH-tot) and residual concentration (PAH-rest) after E-SOM extraction. The PAH loss and halflife times were estimated according to pseudo first-order kinetics equation. Results and discussion The amounts of PAH-tot in the soils without biochar decreased by an average of 92%, while in soil with biochar, this was 41% after 9 months of aging. The amount of PAHs-rest bounded with S-SOM after 9 months of incubation varied from 0.9 to 3.5% and 0.2 to 1.3% of the initial PAH concentration, respectively, for soils non-induced and induced by biochar. In soils without biochar, Flu, Ant, Phe, and Pyr exhibited similar T 1/2 (43-59 days), but Chry was characterized by a much higher and broader T 1/2 than other hydrocarbons (67-280 days). Biochar addition to the soils significantly influenced the half-life changes for all PAHs. The highest changes were noted for Phe (14-fold increase), and the lowest was for Flu (7-fold increase). Conclusions The addition of exogenous-rich carbon material such as biochar to the soil significantly changes the behavior and sorption potential of PAHs in the soil. Soils enriched with biochar are characterized by a higher persistence of PAHs, longer aging time, and lower affinity for sorption by native organic matter structures. Soils freshly polluted by PAH are mainly sorbed by E-SOM, which significantly increases their accessibility and reduces formation of bound-residues in the soil.

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Association of 16 priority polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons with humic acid and humin fractions in a peat soil and implications for their long-term retention

Cited by 63 publications

References 48 publications

Soil organic matter composition as a factor affecting the accumulation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons

Soil organic matter composition as a factor affecting the accumulation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons

Residues of Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) in Agricultural Soils Adjacent to Historical Sources of Their Storage and Distribution—The Case Study of Azerbaijan

Dissipation and sorption processes of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) to organic matter in soils amended by exogenous rich-carbon material

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