Association of Apolipoprotein e polymorphism with SARS-CoV-2 infection

The COVID-19 pandemic and Alzheimer’s disease: mutual risks and mechanisms

“…The association was not diminished even after controlling for APOE 4-related diseases, including coronary artery disease, hypertension, diabetes, and dementia, suggesting that APOE 4 may exert an independent effect on COVID-19 severity. Other studies have reported similar findings in Spanish and Iraqi subjects: the ε4 allele of the APOE gene increases the incidence and clinical severity of SARS-CoV-2 infection [ 112 , 113 ]. Another study showed no obvious difference in the frequency of the ε4 allele between viral RNA-positive subjects and the control population in a Czech cohort [ 114 ].…”

Systematic review and meta-analysis of human genetic variants contributing to COVID-19 susceptibility and severity

“…The genotype distribution and allele frequency of the studies on susceptibility and severity are summarized in Table 2 and Table 3 , respectively. The studies for susceptibility analysis included: ACE1 I/D rs4646994/rs1799752 ( Annunziata et al, 2021 Aug 20 , Gong et al, 2021 , Aladag et al, 2021 Sep , Papadopoulou et al, 2022 Mar , Akbari et al, 2022 Feb , Calabrese et al, 2021 Jan , Saad et al, 2021 Dec , Möhlendick et al, 2021 Oct 1 , Gómez et al, 2020 Dec , Hubacek et al, 2021 Aug , Kouhpayeh et al, 2021 Nov 17 , Mahmood et al, 2022 Feb , Mir et al, 2021 Oct 27 ); ACE2 rs2285666 ( Möhlendick et al, 2021 Oct 1 , Alimoradi et al, 2022 Mar 19 , Gómez et al, 2020 Dec , Mahmood et al, 2022 Feb ); APOE rs429358 ( Kuo et al, 2020 May 26 , Al-Jaf et al, 2021 Nov , Hilser et al, 2021 Jan ); CCR5 rs333 ( Cuesta-Llavona et al, 2021 Sep , Bernas et al, 2021 Apr , Gómez et al, 2020 ); IFITM3 rs12252 ( Abbas et al, 2021 Jun 12 , Schönfelder et al, 2021 Jun , Gómez et al, 2021 Jan ); TMPRSS2 rs12329760 ( Taha et al, 2022 Mar 1 , Andolfo et al, 2021 , Schönfelder et al, 2021 Apr , Wulandari et al, 2021 ), and TNFA rs1800629 ( Rokni et al, 2022 Apr , Saleh et al, 2020 Nov , Heidari Nia et al, 2022 ). Severity-wise analysis was performed for ACE1 I/D rs4646994/rs1799752 ( Karakaş Çelik et al, 2021 Oct , Gong et al, 2021 , Gunal et al, 2021 Jun , Martínez-Gómez et al, 2022 Feb , Baştuğ et al, 2021 Dec 8 , Akbari et al, 2022 Feb , Saad et al, 2021 Dec , Möhlendick et al, 2021 Oct 1 , Cafiero et al, 2021 May , Gómez et al, 2020 Dec , Hubacek et...…”

Association of Toll-like receptor-4 polymorphism with SARS CoV-2 infection in Kurdish Population

“…Within the last two years, our group has been studying the genotypic frequencies of the two TLR4 SNPs (Asp299Gly and Thr399Ile) ( Niranji and Al-Jaf, 2022 ) and Apolipoprotein E alleles ( Al-Jaf, 2021 ) of a general population in Iraqi Kurds. We have also found that the Apo E4 allele is associated with Covid-19 infection ( Al-Jaf et al, 2021 ). The current study aims to investigate the association between the TLR4 SNPs and susceptibility to Covid-19 infection by comparing the general Kurdish population as a reference control group and Covid-19 patients who visited clinics seeking treatments.…”