Association of maternal thyroid function during early pregnancy with offspring IQ and brain morphology in childhood: a population-based prospective cohort study

MECHANISMS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY: Maternal thyroid dysfunction during pregnancy and behavioural and psychiatric disorders of children: a systematic review

“…Further, both maternal hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism were strongly linked with behavioural and psychiatric problems among offspring. These epidemiological findings are supported by numerous studies which have shown that both low and high maternal thyroxine levels impact foetal brain size and structure (12,13). ADHD is among the most common neurobehavioural disorders in children and can persist into adulthood (48), and was the most investigated outcome in our eligible studies.…”

“…Evidence from a range of scientific disciplines suggests that perinatal and obstetric factors are determinants of offspring mental health in later life stages (1,13,41,42,43,44,45,46,47). In this review, which focused on behavioural and psychiatric disorders of offspring born from mothers with thyroid dysfunction during pregnancy, we found that maternal thyroid dysfunction was associated with offspring mental health problems not only in early childhood but also in late adolescence and adulthood.…”

“…In turn, the aforementioned adverse events during pregnancy can disrupt the function of the developing nervous system resulting in poor offspring neurodevelopment (9). Both animal and human studies have established that important phases of neocortex development can be altered by early maternal thyroid dysfunction and result in persistent negative consequences in offspring (10,11,12,13). One of the mechanism by which thyroid hormones may influence brain development is via the regulation of the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor and Reln gen; Reln produces Reeln, essential for the proper migration and the establishment of neocortical layers (14).…”

Wichtige endokrine Funktionsstörungen bei Schwangeren

“…Wochen sowie der TPO-Ak, besteht praktisch kein Risiko einer Überdosierung mit möglichen negativen Folgen auf die Hirnentwicklung wie sie in der Rotterdamer Studie "Generation R" beschrieben wurden [20]. Mehrere Studien haben zudem gezeigt, dass eine subklinische Hypothyreose zu einer Beeinträchtigung der neurokognitiven Entwicklung führt [17,21].…”

The Effects of Maternal Hyperthyroidism on Histologic Changes in Parietal Lobe in Rat Embryos

“…If a mother is not treated on time, it will be associated with the emergence of abnormality, acute consequences in the central neural system, preterm delivery, or increased embryo mortality. In addition, each factor under the impact of the dose consumed by the mother and the time of impact has different effects on the embryo [1][2][3]. Any kind of deficiency in the closing of the neural tube will bring about deficiencies in the embryo.…”