Association of the Apolipoprotein E 2 Allele with Concurrent Occurrence of Endometrial Hyperplasia and Endometrial Carcinoma

Иванова, Т. И.; Крикунова, Л. И.; Ryabchenko, Nikolay I.; Mkrtchyan, L. S.; Khorokhorina, Vera A.; Salnikova, Lyubov E.

doi:10.1155/2015/593658

Cited by 16 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…Significant increase of A1/A1 and a decrease of A1/A2 genotype frequencies have been determined in patients with atypical EH [ 67 ]. A recent study showed a role of functional single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the catechol-O-methyltransferase, apolipoprotein E, and hemochromatosis genes in EH and EC [ 68 ].…”

Section: Risk Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Therapeutic options for management of endometrial hyperplasia

et al. 2016

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Endometrial hyperplasia (EH) comprises a spectrum of changes in the endometrium ranging from a slightly disordered pattern that exaggerates the alterations seen in the late proliferative phase of the menstrual cycle to irregular, hyperchromatic lesions that are similar to endometrioid adenocarcinoma. Generally, EH is caused by continuous exposure of estrogen unopposed by progesterone, polycystic ovary syndrome, tamoxifen, or hormone replacement therapy. Since it can progress, or often occur coincidentally with endometrial carcinoma, EH is of clinical importance, and the reversion of hyperplasia to normal endometrium represents the key conservative treatment for prevention of the development of adenocarcinoma. Presently, cyclic progestin or hysterectomy constitutes the major treatment option for EH without or with atypia, respectively. However, clinical trials of hormonal therapies and definitive standard treatments remain to be established for the management of EH. Moreover, therapeutic options for EH patients who wish to preserve fertility are challenging and require nonsurgical management. Therefore, future studies should focus on evaluation of new treatment strategies and novel compounds that could simultaneously target pathways involved in the pathogenesis of estradiol-induced EH. Novel therapeutic agents precisely targeting the inhibition of estrogen receptor, growth factor receptors, and signal transduction pathways are likely to constitute an optimal approach for treatment of EH.

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Section: Risk Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Therapeutic options for management of endometrial hyperplasia

et al. 2016

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“…Gene-encoding proteins with antioxidant properties may influence susceptibility to malignant transformation. The association of the apolipoprotein E2 allele may also be involved [5,35].…”

Section: Differential Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Adenomyosis and Its Possible Malignancy: A Review of the Literature

et al. 2023

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Cancer arising from adenomyosis is very rare, with transformation occurring in only 1% of cases and in older individuals. Adenomyosis, endometriosis and cancers may share a common pathogenic mechanism that includes hormonal factors, genetic predisposition, growth factors, inflammation, immune system dysregulation, environmental factors and oxidative stress. Endometriosis and adenomyosis both exhibit malignant behaviour. The most common risk factor for malignant transformation is prolonged exposure to oestrogens. The golden standard for diagnosis is histopathology. Colman and Rosenthal emphasised the most important characteristics in adenomyosis-associated cancer. Kumar and Anderson emphasised the importance of demonstrating a transition between benign and malignant endometrial glands in cancer arising from adenomyosis. As it is very rare, it is difficult to standardize treatment. In this manuscript, we try to emphasize some aspects regarding the management strategy, as well as how heterogenous the studies from the literature are in terms of prognosis in both cancers that develop from adenomyosis or those that are only associated with adenomyosis. The pathogenic mechanisms of transformation remain unclear. As these types of cancer are so rare, there is no standardised treatment. A novel target in the diagnosis and treatment of gynaecological malignancies associated with adenomyosis is also being studied for the development of new therapeutic concepts.

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“…The Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) G845A rs 1800562 and C187G rs 1799945 of the HFE gene were genotyped in individuals with elevated TSAT (>40%) or ferritin levels of 400 µg/L or more, as we described earlier [44] (Supplemental S1).…”

Section: Genotypingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prognostic Value of Serum Transferrin Analysis in Patients with Ovarian Cancer and Cancer-Related Functional Iron Deficiency: A Retrospective Case–Control Study

Иванова

Klabukov

Крикунова

et al. 2022

JCM

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(1) Background: There are no reliable and widely available markers of functional iron deficiency (FID) in cancer. The aim of the study was to evaluate the role of transferrin (Tf) as a marker of cancer of the ovary (CrO) and related FID. (2) Methods: The study groups consisted of 118 patients with CrO and 69 control females. Blood serum iron status was determined on a Beckman Coulter AU (USA) analyzer. Tf quantification was performed by immunoturbidimetry. The relative contents of apo- and holo-Tf (iron-free and iron-saturated Tf, respectively) were determined in eight patients and a control female by immunochromatographic analysis based on the use of monoclonal single-domain antibodies (nanobodies). (3) Results: Four groups of patients with different iron statuses were selected according to ferritin and transferrin saturation values: absolute iron deficiency (AID) (n = 42), FID (n = 70), iron overload (n = 4), normal iron status (n = 2). The groups differed significantly in Tf values (p < 0.0001). Lower values of Tf were associated with FID. Furthermore, FID is already found in the initial stages of CrO (26%). Immunosorbents based on nanobodies revealed the accumulation of apo-Tf and the decrease in holo-Tf in patients with CrO. (4) Conclusions: Tf may be a promising tool for diagnosing both CrO and associated FID.

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Association of the Apolipoprotein E 2 Allele with Concurrent Occurrence of Endometrial Hyperplasia and Endometrial Carcinoma

Cited by 16 publications

References 69 publications

Therapeutic options for management of endometrial hyperplasia

Therapeutic options for management of endometrial hyperplasia

Adenomyosis and Its Possible Malignancy: A Review of the Literature

Prognostic Value of Serum Transferrin Analysis in Patients with Ovarian Cancer and Cancer-Related Functional Iron Deficiency: A Retrospective Case–Control Study

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