Association of the leptin-to-adiponectin ratio with metabolic syndrome in a sub-Saharan African population

Abstract

Background:Worldwide there is an increased prevalence of metabolic syndrome mainly due to life-style modifications, and Africans are not saved of this situation. Many markers have been studied to predict the risk of this syndrome but the most used are leptin and adiponectin. Data on these metabolic markers are scare in Africa and this study aimed to assess the association between the leptin-to-adiponectin ratio (LAR) with metabolic syndrome in a Cameroonian population.Methods: This was a cross-sectional study that included 476 adults among a general population of Cameroon. Data collected concerned the body mass index, waist circumference, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, plasma lipids, adiponectin, leptin, insulin and homeostasis model for assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). To assess correlations we used Spearman's analyses and association of the studied variables with metabolic syndrome were done using binary logistic regression analysis. Results:The leptin to adiponectin ratio was significantly and positively correlated with the body mass index (r = 0.669, p < 0.0001), waist circumference (r = 0.595, p < 0.0001), triglycerides (r = 0.190, p = 0.001), insulin levels (r = 0.333, p < 0.0001) and HOMA-IR (r = 0.306, p < 0.0001). Binary logistic regression analysis revealed that leptin, adiponectin and LAR were significantly associated with metabolic syndrome with respective unadjusted OR of 1.429, 0.468 and 1.502. After adjustment, for age and sex, the associations remained significative; LAR was also found to be significantly associated with metabolic syndrome (OR = 1.573, p value =0.000) as well as lower levels of adiponectin (OR = 0.359, p value =0.000) and higher levels of leptin (OR = 1.469, p value =0.001). Conclusion:This study revealed that LAR is significantly associated with metabolic syndrome in sub-Saharan African population, independently to age and sex.

Molecular Mechanisms of Adiponectin-Induced Attenuation of Mechanical Stretch-Mediated Vascular Remodeling

“…The APN/leptin ratio in VSMCs was drastically reduced by mechanical stretch compared to unstretched vessels (Figure 3). The ratio of circulating APN/leptin is emerging as a marker for metabolic syndrome [65,66], which includes hypertension, and our results indicate that VSMCs can now be viewed as contributors to this change in ratio.…”

“…VSMCs. The plasma leptin/APN ratio is emerging as a marker for metabolic syndrome and insulin resistance [65,66]. To study the effect of mechanical stretch on the ratio of APN/leptin expression in VSMCs, RPVs were stretched for 24 hours followed by Western blot analysis to detect and measure endogenous APN and leptin levels.…”

Degree of Agreement Between Infant Serum and Salivary Concentration of Leptin and Adiponectin and Its Association With Infants’ Feeding

“…Consistent with prior studies (Ayina et al, 2017; Thanakun et al, 2014), serum and saliva leptin and adiponectin values were skewed; a log transformation was used to improve the approximation to a normal distribution for these variables. Data were summarized using means and standard deviations or frequency distributions.…”

“…Several studies have described that leptin and adiponectin are key biomarkers of metabolic dysregulation and serious comorbidities both in children and adults (Ayina et al, 2017;Fruhbeck et al, 2018;Goodson et al, 2014). Leptin is an adipocyte-derived 167 amino-acid polypeptide hormone reported to reduce food intake and increase energy expenditure (Catli et al, 2014;Savino et al, 2014).…”

Secondary data analysis investigating effects of marine omega-3 fatty acids on circulating levels of leptin and adiponectin in older adults

“…was reduced by 23% from week 4 to week 8. This is an important finding considering that emerging evidence suggests the LAR is an accurate indicator of systemic inflammation and risk for some inflammatory diseases in persons of all age groups [22,50,51]. Although normal reference values for LARs are not available to date, lower LARs have been shown to indicate less inflammation [52][53][54][55][56].…”