Associations between migraine occurrence and the effect of aura, age at onset, family history, and sex: A cross-sectional study

Abstract

IntroductionThe relationships between family history, sex, age at onset, and migraine occurrence have been documented. However, the associations between these factors across different sexes and subgroups of patients have yet to be elucidated. This study evaluated the association between family history and migraine in male and female patients experiencing episodic and chronic migraine with and without aura. MethodsThis cross-sectional, case-control study included 299 headache-free controls and 885 patients receiving outpatient treatment for migraine. Participants were classified into episodic (1-14 days/month) and chronic (�15 days/month) migraine groups. ResultsPositive family history was significantly more frequently observed in the episodic group than in the chronic group (49.5% vs. 26%; P < 0.001) in male patients, particularly in male patients without aura (50.3% vs. 21.9%; P = 0.003); it was less frequently observed (58.7% vs. 73.7%; P = 0.048) in female patients with aura. Family history was correlated with an earlier age at onset (20.7 years vs. 22.8 years; P = 0.002), particularly in patients without aura (21 years vs. 23.7 years; P = 0.002), who were women (20.9 years vs. 23.9 years; P = 0.002).

Migraine, associated factors, and functional disability in medical students at a peruvian university during the COVID-19 pandemic: An analytical cross-sectional study

“…Migraine is hereditary, with many genetic variants, which, added to environmental factors, give it the denomination of a complex disorder [ 37 ]. Several studies have demonstrated the association of family history with migraine, finding differences according to sex [ 38 ] and age [ 39 ].…”

Cluster and network analysis of non-headache symptoms in migraine patients reveals distinct subgroups based on onset age and vestibular-cochlear symptom interconnection

“…One study suggests that a stronger family history of migraine is associated with a lower age-atonset, higher frequency and number of medication days, and the migraine with aura subtype (36). However, another study shows that family history was linked to an earlier age at onset, particularly in patients without aura (39). Moreover, in another study, the correlation between the early-onset group and a higher frequency of migraine attacks was not confirmed when adjusting for the years of illness (40).…”

Latent class analysis of migraine associated vestibular-auditory symptoms

“…An additional covariate to be incorporated is the age of migraine onset, as previous research has revealed that vestibular symptoms vary with the age of onset (30). Furthermore, family history is an important factor to consider in relation to age of onset, as previous studies have linked it to both sex and onset age (31), as well as the frequency of migraines (32) and vestibular symptoms (33). Therefore, this study will consider all these covariates.…”