Associations of major depressive disorder and related clinical characteristics with 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels in middle-aged adults

Köhnke, Corinna; Herrmann, Markus; Berger, Klaus

doi:10.1080/1028415x.2020.1843892

Cited by 16 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…These findings suggest a tightly regulated vitamin D metabolism in the CNS. In conjunction with numerous clinical studies that link vitamin D deficiency to neurological [ 7 ] and psychiatric disease [ 8 ], our results further support an important role of vitamin D for brain function and neuropsychiatric health. The concept of a functional role of vitamin D in the CNS is further strengthened by the expression of the 1α-hydroxylase in the cerebral cortex and the cerebellum [ 26 , 27 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

“…Through the action of intracerebral 1α-hydroxlyase, 1,25(OH) 2 D can be synthesized locally. Previous studies have shown that vitamin D deficiency is associated with neurologic and psychiatric diseases including multiple sclerosis [ 6 ], dementia [ 7 ] and depression [ 8 ]. However, if these associations reflect a pathomechanistic involvement of vitamin D in these conditions, this is still a matter of ongoing debate.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Novel Method for the Determination of Vitamin D Metabolites Assessed at the Blood-Cerebrospinal Fluid Barrier

et al. 2021

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The brain’s supply with vitamin D is poorly understood. Therefore, the present study aimed to determine 25-hydroxy vitamin D3 (25(OH)D) and 24,25-dihydroxy vitamin D (24,25(OH)2D3) in serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from individuals with intact and disturbed brain-CSF-barrier (BCB) function. In 292 pairs of serum and CSF samples the vitamin D metabolites were measured with liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). CSF/serum ratios (QALB, Q25(OH)D, Q24,25(OH)2D3) were calculated. Median (IQR) serum concentrations of 25(OH)D and 24,25(OH)2D3 were 63.8 (43.4–83.9) nmol/L and 4.2 (2.2–6.2) nmol/L. The CSF concentrations of both metabolites accounted for 3.7 and 3.3% of the respective serum concentrations. Serum 25(OH)D correlated inversely with Q25(OH)D and Q24,25(OH)2D3 implying a more efficient transport of both metabolites across the BCB when the serum concentration of 25(OH)D is low. In patients with BCB dysfunction, the CSF concentrations and the CSF/serum ratios of both vitamin D metabolites were higher than in individuals with intact BCB. The CSF concentrations of 25(OH)D and 24,25(OH)2D3 depend on BCB function and the respective serum concentrations of both metabolites. Higher vitamin D metabolite concentrations in CSF of patients with impaired BCB function may be due to passive diffusion across the BCB.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Method for the Determination of Vitamin D Metabolites Assessed at the Blood-Cerebrospinal Fluid Barrier

et al. 2021

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“…This hormone binds to receptors in numerous brain regions including the hippocampus and cingulate cortex, which are involved in the pathogenesis of depression and other mental illnesses [6]. Many clinical studies have found depression, anxiety and cognitive impairment to be associated with low serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D], which is the major circulating form of vitamin D, in average weight people [5][6][7]. Recent research has also provided evidence for antidepressant properties of vitamin D supplementation [8,9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vitamin D deficiency and depression in obese adults: a comparative observational study

et al. 2021

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Background Amongst the contributing factors of depression, vitamin D deficiency has increasingly drawn attention in recent years. This paper seeks to examine the association between serum vitamin D level and depression in patients with obesity. Methods In this comparative observational study, serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] levels were compared between obese individuals with depression (n = 174) and those without depression considering the effect of potential confounders. Participants were selected from males and females aged 18 to 60 years old visiting the outpatient obesity clinic of Rasoul-e Akram hospital, Tehran, Iran. The diagnosis of depressive disorder was made based on the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) criteria. Additional clinical and laboratory data were collected from hospital electronic records. Mann–Whitney U test (nonparametric), Student’s t-test (parametric), and Chi-squared test were used to analyze the differences between the two groups. To examine age and gender differences in the relationship between vitamin D deficiency and depression, stratified analyses were conducted by age and gender groups. Results The mean 25(OH) D levels were significantly different between depressed and non-depressed groups (20 ± 15 vs. 27 ± 13, P < 0.001). Vitamin D insufficiency/deficiency was detected in 78 and 67% of the depressed and non-depressed groups, respectively, which was significantly different (P = 0.03). The associations between depression and the serum 25(OH) D levels were observed regardless of gender and age. The overall average vitamin D levels were not significantly different between total males and females (22 ± 13 vs. 23 ± 14, P = 0.49). The average level of vitamin D was higher in the older age group (40–60 years) compared to younger participants (18–39 years) (26 ± 15 vs. 21 ± 13, P = 0.004). Conclusion The present study provides additional evidence for the hypothesis that low vitamin D serum concentration is associated with depression in obese adults, and highlights the need for further research to determine whether this association is causal.

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“…Vitamin D low levels have been previously associated with the risk of depressive symptoms and depression worldwide ( Song et al, 2016 ; Vidgren et al, 2018 ; Yao et al, 2018 ; Ceolin et al, 2020 ; Köhnke et al, 2020 ). However, few publications have been discussing this relationship during the COVID-19 pandemic ( Di Nicola et al, 2020 ; Mehta et al, 2021 ).…”

Section: Vitamin D and Depressive Symptomsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vitamin D, Depressive Symptoms, and Covid-19 Pandemic

et al. 2021

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Graphical AbstractRole of vitamin D in the development of depressive symptoms. The synthesis of vitamin D from sunlight is impaired by lockdown and social distance measures imposed by the governments around the world during COVID-10 pandemic. Endogenous vitamin D synthesis initiates in the skin when 7-dehydrocholesterol (7-DHC) is converted in pre-vitamin D3 and then vitamin D3 [25(OH)D3]. It is transported through blood circulation by the vitamin D binding protein (VDBP) to the liver, the kidney, and the brain, where can be converted in its the active form [1,25(OH)2D3]. In the brain, the biological effects of 1,25(OH)2D3 are largely mediated by vitamin D receptor (VDR) through genomic mechanisms, which influence several aspects of serotonin metabolism, such as increasing serotonin synthesis by induction of the tryptophan hydroxylase 2 (TPH2) gene expression; influencing the expression of serotonin reuptake transporter (SERT) and the levels of monoamine oxidase-A (MAO-A), responsible to serotonin catabolism; and indirectly may regulate the synthesis of melatonin that improve the circadian rhythm. This mechanism can be impaired during social isolation and consequent reduction of vitamin D due to low sun exposure during the pandemic, which could contribute to the development of depressive symptoms.

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Associations of major depressive disorder and related clinical characteristics with 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels in middle-aged adults

Cited by 16 publications

References 35 publications

A Novel Method for the Determination of Vitamin D Metabolites Assessed at the Blood-Cerebrospinal Fluid Barrier

A Novel Method for the Determination of Vitamin D Metabolites Assessed at the Blood-Cerebrospinal Fluid Barrier

Vitamin D deficiency and depression in obese adults: a comparative observational study

Vitamin D, Depressive Symptoms, and Covid-19 Pandemic

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