Astragalus Complanatus Ethanol Attenuates Septic Shock by Exerting Anti-Inflammatory Effects on Macrophages

Hwang, Yo Sep; Lim, Jeewon; Yoon, Hyang Ran; Park, Seong-Hoon; Kim, Aeyung; Jang, Jun-Pil; Cho, Hee Jun; Lee, Hee Gu

doi:10.3390/ijms25010384

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 38 publications

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“…A commercial extract of A. membranaceus has been found to attenuate inflammation and oxidative stress in intestinal cells by enhancing Nrf2 activation and HO-1 and NQO1 expression [ 47 ]. A. polysaccharides has been reported to have effects on the activation of B cells and macrophages, the promotion of humoral and immune responses, protection of blood vessels, and prevention of inflammation and cancer [ 48 ]. Triterpene derivatives from Astragalus have been reported to have anti-inflammatory effects [ 15 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preliminary Investigation of Astragalus arpilobus subsp. hauarensis: LC-MS/MS Chemical Profiling, In Vitro Evaluation of Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory Properties, Cytotoxicity, and In Silico Analysis against COX-2

Lekmine,

Benslama,

Kadi

et al. 2024

Antioxidants

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The search results offer comprehensive insights into the phenolic compounds, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, cytotoxic effects, LC-MS/MS analysis, molecular docking, and MD simulation of the identified phenolic compounds in the Astragalus arpilobus subsp. hauarensis extract (AAH). The analysis revealed substantial levels of total phenolic content (TPC), with a measured value of 191 ± 0.03 mg GAE/g DM. This high TPC was primarily attributed to two key phenolic compounds: total flavonoid content (TFC) and total tannin content (TTC), quantified at 80.82 ± 0.02 mg QE/g DM and 51.91 ± 0.01 mg CE/g DM, respectively. LC-MS/MS analysis identified 28 phenolic compounds, with gallic acid, protocatechuic acid, catechin, and others. In the DPPH scavenging assay, the IC50 value for the extract was determined to be 19.44 ± 0.04 μg/mL, comparable to standard antioxidants like BHA, BHT, ascorbic acid, and α-tocopherol. Regarding anti-inflammatory activity, the extract demonstrated a notably lower IC50 value compared to both diclofenac and ketoprofen, with values of 35.73 µg/mL, 63.78 µg/mL, and 164.79 µg/mL, respectively. Cytotoxicity analysis revealed significant cytotoxicity of the A. arpilobus extract, with an LC50 value of 28.84 µg/mL, which exceeded that of potassium dichromate (15.73 µg/mL), indicating its potential as a safer alternative for various applications. Molecular docking studies have highlighted chrysin as a promising COX-2 inhibitor, with favorable binding energies and interactions. Molecular dynamic simulations further support chrysin’s potential, showing stable interactions with COX-2, comparable to the reference ligand S58. Overall, the study underscores the pharmacological potential of A. arpilobus extract, particularly chrysin, as a source of bioactive compounds with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Further research is warranted to elucidate the therapeutic mechanisms and clinical implications of these natural compounds.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preliminary Investigation of Astragalus arpilobus subsp. hauarensis: LC-MS/MS Chemical Profiling, In Vitro Evaluation of Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory Properties, Cytotoxicity, and In Silico Analysis against COX-2

Lekmine,

Benslama,

Kadi

et al. 2024

Antioxidants

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Macrophages in the inflammatory response to endotoxic shock

Zhao,

Wang,

Zhang

et al. 2024

Immunity Inflam & Disease

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BackgroundEndotoxic shock, particularly prevalent in intensive care units, represents a significant medical challenge. Endotoxin, upon invading the host, triggers intricate interactions with the innate immune system, particularly macrophages. This activation leads to the production of inflammatory mediators such as tumor necrosis factor‐alpha, interleukin‐6, and interleukin‐1‐beta, as well as aberrant activation of the nuclear factor‐kappa‐B and mitogen‐activated protein kinase signaling pathways.ObjectiveThis review delves into the intricate inflammatory cascades underpinning endotoxic shock, with a particular focus on the pivotal role of macrophages. It aims to elucidate the clinical implications of these processes and offer insights into potential therapeutic strategies.ResultsMacrophages, central to immune regulation, manifest in two distinct subsets: M1 (classically activated subtype) macrophages and M2 (alternatively activated subtype) macrophages. The former exhibit an inflammatory phenotype, while the latter adopt an anti‐inflammatory role. By modulating the inflammatory response in patients with endotoxic shock, these macrophages play a crucial role in restoring immune balance and facilitating recovery.ConclusionMacrophages undergo dynamic changes within the immune system, orchestrating essential processes for maintaining tissue homeostasis. A deeper comprehension of the mechanisms governing macrophage‐mediated inflammation lays the groundwork for an anti‐inflammatory, targeted approach to treating endotoxic shock. This understanding can significantly contribute to the development of more effective therapeutic interventions.

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Protective Effects of Crotonis Semen Extract against Sepsis through NF-κB Pathway Inhibition

Hwang,

Yoon,

Park

et al. 2024

IJMS

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Sepsis is an inflammatory condition causing organ failure due to an uncontrolled immune response to infection and remains a significant challenge. Crotonis Semen has displayed various pharmacological effects, yet its potential in protecting against sepsis and the mechanisms involved remains largely unclear. Here, we explored the antiseptic properties of Crotons Semen extract (CSE) in both LPS-stimulated J774 macrophages and mice subjected to sepsis through Cecal ligation and Puncture (CLP) or LPS induction. We found that CSE enhanced survival rates in mouse models with acute sepsis induced by CLP operation and LPS injection. Administering CSE also reduced levels of enzymes indicating organ damage, such as aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and creatine kinase (CK), in septic mice. Furthermore, CSE lowered the serum levels of inflammatory mediators and cytokines, such as NO, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6, in septic mice. In LPS-stimulated J774 macrophages, CSE reduced the expression of pro-inflammatory proteins, including iNOS and COX-2. Moreover, CSE inhibited the phosphorylation of IκBα and IKK, key components of the NF-κB signaling pathway, thereby reducing inflammatory mediators and cytokines. These results demonstrate CSE’s protective effects against sepsis through NF-κB pathway disruption, indicating its potential as a therapeutic option for acute inflammatory conditions.

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Astragalus Complanatus Ethanol Attenuates Septic Shock by Exerting Anti-Inflammatory Effects on Macrophages

Cited by 3 publications

References 38 publications

Preliminary Investigation of Astragalus arpilobus subsp. hauarensis: LC-MS/MS Chemical Profiling, In Vitro Evaluation of Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory Properties, Cytotoxicity, and In Silico Analysis against COX-2

Preliminary Investigation of Astragalus arpilobus subsp. hauarensis: LC-MS/MS Chemical Profiling, In Vitro Evaluation of Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory Properties, Cytotoxicity, and In Silico Analysis against COX-2

Macrophages in the inflammatory response to endotoxic shock

Protective Effects of Crotonis Semen Extract against Sepsis through NF-κB Pathway Inhibition

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