Asynchronous male/female gametophyte development in facultative apomictic plants of Cenchrus ciliaris (Poaceae)

Sharma, Roopam; Geeta, R.; Bhat, Vishnu

doi:10.1016/j.sajb.2013.10.012

Cited by 11 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Based on the type of embryo sac, the species have been characterized as sexual or apomictic (Young et al 1979). Several studies have used the ovule-clearing technique as the most reliable method to elucidate the mode of reproduction in Cenchrus (Gustine et al 1997;Roche et al 1999;Dwivedi et al 2007;Sharma et al 2014;Kumar and Saxena 2016).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

AFLP-based genetic diversity analysis distinguishes apomictically and sexually reproducing Cenchrus species

et al. 2019

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Analysis of genetic diversity is important for plant breeders to breed new and improved cultivars with desirable characteristics. Since DNA-based molecular markers are not affected by environmental factors, they can be utilized to assess genetic diversity among species and to develop molecular markers for breeding programmes. Out of the 25 Cenchrus species, only eight are available in the Indian germplasm collections, and only four of them are grown in sown pastures for their high forage value, while the remaining four species are used for basic and applied studies. This study aimed at assessing genetic diversity and relatedness of the apomictic and sexual Cenchrus species available in the Indian germplasm collection using AFLP-based molecular markers. Based on the genetic dissimilarity matrix phylogenetic analysis, 36 accessions of eight Cenchrus species were observed to be clustered in four groups. All apomictic C. ciliaris L. accessions clustered within a group, while the other three apomictic Cenchrus spp. grouped separately. Similarly, the rare accessions of sexual C. ciliaris grouped separately from the sexually reproducing Cenchrus spp. However, Bayesian cluster analysis grouped the 36 accessions in three clusters only. Clustering of the accessions of phylogenetic Groups 1 and 2 was similar in Bayesian cluster analysis, while the accessions of Groups 3 and 4 clustered together. Some of the AFLP markers were observed to delineate the apomictic and sexual species/ accessions of Cenchrus. The gathered information has the potential to be used for genetic improvement of Cenchrus species through cross-hybridization to exploit hybrid vigour as well as for introgression of desirable traits.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

AFLP-based genetic diversity analysis distinguishes apomictically and sexually reproducing Cenchrus species

et al. 2019

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“…After two mitoses, these develop into an aposporous embryo sac. In a study of the ovule of Poncirus trifoliate, aposporous initials were not evident prior to megaspore formation but, in one ovary, an archesporial cell was observed with nearby enlarged nuclear cells-possibly representing an aposporous initial (Sharma et al 2014).…”

Section: Cytological Study Of Apomixismentioning

confidence: 88%

“…The production of seeds without sexual union is considered the holy grail of plant biology (Hofmann 2010). Some families naturally show particularly high frequencies of apomixis, examples are: Poaceae (Sharma et al 2014;Boldrini et al 2006;Hojsgaard et al 2008;Albertini et al 2005;Niemann et al 2012), Asteraceae (Whitton et al 2008;Hand et al 2015), Rosaceae (DOBEŠ et al 2015;Burgess et al 2014) and Melastomataceae (Mendes-Rodrigues and Oliveira 2012; Maia et al 2016). In 1986, Richards counted known apomictic species, finding more than 300 taxa, distributed over 35 families (Richards 1986).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The steps from sexual reproduction to apomixis

Fei

Shi

Liu

et al. 2019

Planta

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Main conclusion In this paper, an interaction model of apomixis-related genes was constructed to analyze the emergence of apomictic types. It is speculated that apomixis technology will be first implemented in gramineous plants.Apomixis (asexual seed formation) is a phenomenon in which a plant bypasses the most fundamental aspects of sexual reproduction-meiosis and fertilization-to form a viable seed. Plants can form seeds without fertilization, and the seed genotype is consistent with the female parent. The development of apomictic technology would be revolutionary for agriculture and for food production as it would reduce costs and breeding times and also avoid many complications typical of sexual reproduction (e.g. incompatibility barriers) and of vegetative propagation (e.g. viral transfer). The application of apomictic reproductive technology has the potential to revolutionize crop breeding. This article reviews recent advances in apomixis in cytology and molecular biology. The general idea of identifying apomixis was proposed and the process of the emergence of non-fusion types was discussed. To better understand the apomixis mechanism, an apomixis regulatory model was established. At the same time, the realization of apomixis technology is proposed, which provides reference for the research and application of apomixis.

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“…Tucker et al (2001) have argued that the termination of sexual development or degeneration of the megaspores are not just a simple mechanical act and Li et al (2011) have suggested that the termination of sexual development is promoted by a mechanism of aposporic initial cell differentiation. However, sexual and apomictic embryo sacs develop and are located into the same mature ovule in Cenchrus ciliaris L. (Sharma et al, 2014).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Apomictic development during different flower development stages in Crataegus tanacetifolia (Lam.) Pers., endemic to Turkey

Çetinbaş-Genç

Ünal

2021

Not Sci Biol

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In this study, aposporic apomictic development and its relation to the different flower development stages were investigated by light and fluorescence microscopy in Crataegus tanacetifolia (Lam.) Pers. (Rosaceae). At pre-anthesis stage, aposporic initial cell differentiated at the somatic nucellus tissue shortly after the megaspore mother cell formation. The volume of aposporic initial cell increased during the generation of dyad and megaspore tetrad respectively by regular meiosis. At this stage, linear megaspore tetrad and vacuolated aposporic initial cell were located side by side into the same ovule. At anthesis stage, before pollination, four nucleated aposporic embryo sac was formed while sexual development came to end by atrophy of megaspores completely. At this stage, atrophied megaspores and two nucleated aposporic embryo sac were located side by side into the same ovule. At post-anthesis stage, pollination still had not begun and ovule contained only eight nucleated aposporic embryo sac. Mature aposporic embryo sac was composed of two synergid cells and one egg cell on the micropylar side, three antipodal cells on the chalazal side and a central cell with two polar nuclei in the middle of the sac. The absence of filiform apparatus in the synergid cells was quite remarkable. No callose accumulation around the aposporic initial cell was observed in any development stage. Pollination started shortly after the proembryo formation. Embryo and endosperm developed without fertilization due to the problems encountered in reaching pollen tubes to the ovary.

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Asynchronous male/female gametophyte development in facultative apomictic plants of Cenchrus ciliaris (Poaceae)

Cited by 11 publications

References 39 publications

AFLP-based genetic diversity analysis distinguishes apomictically and sexually reproducing Cenchrus species

AFLP-based genetic diversity analysis distinguishes apomictically and sexually reproducing Cenchrus species

The steps from sexual reproduction to apomixis

Apomictic development during different flower development stages in Crataegus tanacetifolia (Lam.) Pers., endemic to Turkey

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