Atmospheric gravity waves induced by a solar eclipse

Chimonas, G.; Hines, C. O.

doi:10.1029/ja075i004p00875

Cited by 213 publications

(143 citation statements)

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“…Another phenomenon, an atmospheric gravity wave (AGW), can be generated by the shadow of the Moon during the eclipse (Chimonas and Hines, 1970;Chimonas, 1970;Cohen, 1984;Cheng et al, 1992;Liu et al, 2011). A bow wave can be produced by the supersonic motion of the shadow of the Moon through the atmosphere along the eclipse path.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ionospheric effects on the F region during the sunrise for the annular solar eclipse over Taiwan on 21 May 2012

Chuo

2013

Ann. Geophys.

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Abstract. On 21 May 2012 (20:56, Universal Time; UT, on 20 May), an annular solar eclipse occurred, beginning at sunrise over southeast China and moving through Japan, sweeping across the northern Pacific Ocean, and completing its passage over the western United States at sunset on 20 May 2012 (02:49 UT, 21 May). We investigated the eclipse area in Taiwan, using an ionosonde and global positioning system (GPS) satellite measurements. The measurements of foF 2 , hmF 2 , bottomside scale height around the peak height (H m ), and slab thickness (B 0 ) were collected at the ionosonde station at Chung-Li Observatory. In addition, we calculated the total electron content (TEC) to study the differences inside and outside the eclipse area, using 3 receivers located at Marzhu (denoted as MATZ), Hsinchu (TNML), and Henchun (HENC). The results showed that the foF 2 values gradually decreased when the annularity began and reached a minimum level of approximately 2.0 MHz at 06:30 LT. The hmF 2 immediately decreased and then increased during the annular eclipse period. The TEC variations also appeared to deplete in the path of the eclipse and opposite the outside passing area. Further, the rate of change of the TEC values (dTEC / dt measured for 15 min) was examined to study the wave-like fluctuations. The scale height near the F 2 layer peak height (H m ) also decreased and then increased during the eclipse period. To address the effects of the annular eclipse in the topside and bottomside ionosphere, this study provides a discussion of the variations between the topside and bottomside ionospheric parameters during the eclipse period.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ionospheric effects on the F region during the sunrise for the annular solar eclipse over Taiwan on 21 May 2012

Chuo

2013

Ann. Geophys.

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“…Similarities in wavelet power spectra appearing in the distance of about 1500 km (latitudinal difference ~ 9°, longitudinal difference ~ 14°) points to the global phenomenon affecting the ionospheric electron concentration in a similar way at two different positions. The mechanism of heating and cooling of the atmosphere associated with the movement of the Solar Terminator (Chimonas and Hines, 1970) can explain these observations (Somsikov, 1990). In the sunset hours the observed wave enhancement as well on the longer periods about 60 minutes was observed, this fact corresponds to the results of Somsikov (1991).…”

Section: S O L a R T E R M I N A T O Rmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Enhancement of the waves is supposed to be attributed to the rapid cooling of the atmosphere, variations of the height of the transition level for the loss coefficient, and the height of the peak of electron production. The decrease in the temperature causes reductions of the scale height of the plasma and neutral gas, which result in the plasma and neutral gas readily diffusing downward and vice versa (Chimonas and Hines, 1970;Davis, 1990). Investigations of solar eclipses show bursts of wave activity excited by the rapid cooling and heating the atmosphere (Cheng et al, 1992;Fritts and Luo, 1993;Altadill et al, 2001;Galushko et al, 1998).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Detection of the wave-like structures in the F-region electron density: Two station measurements

et al. 2006

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Comparative studies of short-term ionospheric variability in the F region ionosphere during rapid sequence sounding campaign "HIRAC/SolarMax" (23−29 April 2001) are presented. The ionospheric short-term fluctuations have been studied in detail using measurements from vertical sounding at Ebro (40.8°N, 0.5°E) and Průhonice (49.9°N, 14.5°E) in the period range from 15 minutes to 2 hours. The electron density measurements contain variations that indicate the possible presence of propagating gravity waves. Regular wave-like bursts were found during quiet days at both stations in electron concentration in F region, with an increase of the oscillation activity after sunrise and then during late afternoon, and at sunset and after sunset. Solar Terminator is assumed to be one of the sources of the regular wave bursts detected in the ionosphere during campaign HIRAC. As expected, substantial intensification in longer period gravity waves was found to occur during the disturbed period on April 28. Particular enhancement of the wave-like activity during disturbed day is discussed, being significant evidences of a change of the wave-like activity pattern at a height around 200 km.

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“…EATON et al (1997) provided evidence for the decrease in refractive index structure parameters and the diminishing of turbulence process followed by the development of Kelvin-Helmholtz waves during the partial eclipse of 10 May 1994 (94%) over a desert region at New Mexico, USA. There is also evidence of pressure perturbations (ANDERSON et al, 1972;KUNHIKRISHNAN and MURTHY, 1982), the generation of internal gravity waves (CHIMONAS and HINES, 1970;LIU et al, 1998) and oscillations in atmospheric surface layer (ASL) parameters (DOLAS et al, 2002) following a total eclipse event. Changes in the heat and momentum fluxes within the boundary layer during an eclipse are discussed by ANTONIA et al (1979) and SZALOWSKI (2002), while EATON et al (1997) and KRISHNAN et al (2004) provided evidence for the diminishing of the turbulence processes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Annular Solar Eclipse of 15 January 2010 on the Atmospheric Boundary Layer Characteristics Over Thumba: A Case Study

Subrahamanyam

Anurose

Mohan

et al. 2011

Pure Appl. Geophys.

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On 15 January 2010, Thumba (8.5°N, 76.9°E) witnessed one of the longest known noontime annular solar eclipses (ASEs) spanning a period of about 7 min, centered at 1314 hours local time. In this research article, we present a case study on the behaviour of the atmospheric boundary layer characteristics and its vertical structure in response to this rare celestial event by making use of a suite of different in-situ instruments. During the peak period of the ASE, the incoming solar irradiance was dimmed by about 87% of its normal values, resulting in a significant reduction in the magnitudes of turbulent kinetic energy and surface-layer turbulent fluxes of heat and momentum. The intensity and vertical thickness of the sea/land breeze circulation cell over the study domain also weakened. However, the mixed layer heights determined from balloon-borne GPS Radiosonde did not show any appreciable changes. Analysis of vertical profiles of thermodynamic parameters in association with the wind direction during ASE indicated the formation of a double mixed layer between 700 and 1500 m and is attributed to horizontal advection of a different airmass at those altitudes.

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Atmospheric gravity waves induced by a solar eclipse

Cited by 213 publications

References 0 publications

Ionospheric effects on the F region during the sunrise for the annular solar eclipse over Taiwan on 21 May 2012

Ionospheric effects on the F region during the sunrise for the annular solar eclipse over Taiwan on 21 May 2012

Detection of the wave-like structures in the F-region electron density: Two station measurements

Impact of Annular Solar Eclipse of 15 January 2010 on the Atmospheric Boundary Layer Characteristics Over Thumba: A Case Study

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