Atmospheric Influence on the Path Loss at High Frequencies for Deployment of 5G Cellular Communication Networks

Ratul, Rashed Hasan; Mehedi Zaman, S M; Chowdhury, Hasib Arman; Hassan Sagor, Md. Zayed; Kawser, Mohammad Tawhid; Muntasir Nishat, Mirza

doi:10.1109/icccnt56998.2023.10307972

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 17 publications

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“…The high-frequency bands will be used to establish a condensed network of small picocells, which will lead to the deployment of numerous new transmitters and base stations [5]. The requirement for very high throughput in 5G may lead to a small rise in the transmission power level at the user's end, depending on the frequency level, which might also increase the electromagnetic radiation exacted on the general user in the proximity [6,7]. On top of that, as the frequency of electromagnetic fields (EMFs) rises, the surface absorption can result in more concentrated energy in the skin, perhaps generating localized heating effects and stress within the cells [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Potential Impact of a High-Frequency Telecommunication Network on Cognitive Functions: A Review

Ratul,

Tasnim,

Wang

et al. 2023

Foundations

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The latest cellular technology, known as 5G-NR, is intended to significantly speed up and improve the effectiveness of wireless systems. A revolution in the telecom industry has been sparked by the widespread use of and increased reliance on cellular communication technology. Moreover, 5G and B5G technologies are expected to utilize an even higher-frequency range to achieve faster data transmission and lower latency communication. Consequently, while transmitting signals across various types of equipment and infrastructure, the general public is exposed to much higher frequencies of electromagnetic radiation. The increasing need for 5G NR base stations (gNodeB) has heightened public anxiety over potential negative health impacts. This study reviews recent research on the effects of electromagnetic waves on humans, particularly focusing on how these effects influence cognitive functions. Most research to date has not found significant differences in cognitive performance due to ubiquitous mobile communications. However, current research has largely been limited to 4G technologies, and the health effects of exposure to 5G user equipment (UE) and base stations in higher-frequency bands remain unexplored. If subsequent research suggests that exposure to high-frequency wireless networks significantly impacts cognitive functions, the deployment and acceptance of these technologies may face challenges and constraints. Therefore, such investigations are crucial for determining whether next-generation technologies pose no risk to individuals.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Potential Impact of a High-Frequency Telecommunication Network on Cognitive Functions: A Review

Ratul,

Tasnim,

Wang

et al. 2023

Foundations

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Unveiling the 5G Frontier: Navigating Challenges, Applications, and Measurements in Channel Models and Implementations

Shoaib,

Husnain,

Sayed

et al. 2024

IEEE Access

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In the epoch of the fifth generation (5G) of wireless communication, this survey article illuminates the nuanced landscape of 5G Channel Measurements and Models. It meticulously navigates the challenges, methodologies, and practical implications that define the implementation of this groundbreaking technology. Embarking on the exploration, the article unravels the Challenges in 5G Implementation, addressing technological hurdles and standardized protocols pivotal for seamless integration. Unveiling the Existing Methods and Technologies, it highlights Massive MIMO, millimeter-wave communications, and the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) as transformative elements shaping high-capacity wireless communication. Beyond the technical intricacies, the article delves into the Diverse Applications and Use Cases of 5G, promising a paradigm shift from the Internet of Things (IoT) to mission-critical communications. Frequency Considerations and Channel Bands take center stage, dissecting the critical spectrum domain and exploring high-frequency millimeter-wave bands for enhanced data rates. Addressing concerns, the survey scrutinizes Health Concerns and Regulatory Considerations, presenting a balanced perspective on the impact of 5G networks on health and regulatory landscapes. The Benefits Over 4G and LTE drive the transition, with enhanced data rates, lower latency, and massive device connectivity distinguishing 5G. The environmental impact is considered in Energy Efficiency in 5G Networks, exploring strategies and innovations for making 5G networks more energy-efficient. Global Standards and Interoperability become imperative for 5G's global potential, examining ongoing efforts by standardization bodies for a unified framework. The exploration extends to the realm of 5G Channel Measurements and Models, dissecting Massive MIMO Channel Measurements, Millimeter-Wave Channel Measurements, Beamforming, Antenna Array Configurations, Time-Variant, and Time-Invariant Channel Measurements, Channel Modeling, and Measurement Tools and Techniques. Critically addressing Challenges in 5G Channel Measurements and Models, the article explores limitations and proposes avenues for future research. This survey article serves as a definitive compendium on 5G Channel Measurements and Models, unraveling the complexities, challenges, and opportunities inherent in the deployment of this transformative technology. Its holistic examination provides a valuable resource for researchers, practitioners, and industry stakeholders navigating the dynamic landscape of 5G wireless communication.

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Performance Comparison Between VoLTE and non-VoLTE Voice Calls During Mobility in Commercial Deployment: A Drive Test-Based Analysis

Ratul,

Iqbal,

Pan

et al. 2023

2023 10th International Conference on Electrical Engineering, Computer Science and Informatics (EECSI)

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Atmospheric Influence on the Path Loss at High Frequencies for Deployment of 5G Cellular Communication Networks

Cited by 3 publications

References 17 publications

The Potential Impact of a High-Frequency Telecommunication Network on Cognitive Functions: A Review

The Potential Impact of a High-Frequency Telecommunication Network on Cognitive Functions: A Review

Unveiling the 5G Frontier: Navigating Challenges, Applications, and Measurements in Channel Models and Implementations

Performance Comparison Between VoLTE and non-VoLTE Voice Calls During Mobility in Commercial Deployment: A Drive Test-Based Analysis

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