Atmospheric Ozone Trends and Other Factors of Surface Ultraviolet Radiation Variability

Kondratyev, K. Ya.; Pokrovsky, O. M.; Varotsos, C.

doi:10.1017/s0376892900010663

Cited by 70 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…It is important to remember that snow albedo is most sensitive to impurities. Very recently, Hadley and Kirchstetter (2012) performed laboratory measurements in an effort to quantify the reduction in snow albedo as a function of its contamination with black carbon, which is an important parameter in the available atmospheric solar radiative transfer and climate models (Alexandris et al, 1999;Brandt et al, 2011;Doherty et al, 2010;Flanner et al, 2007;Gallet et al, 2009;Katsambas et al, 1997;Kondratyev et al, 1995;Varotsos, 1995a, b, 1996a, b;Monks et al, 2004;Varotsos et al, 1995). According to Hadley and Kirchstetter (2012), 200 ppb of black carbon is required to decrease the snow albedo by 5 %.…”

Section: A Varotsos Et Al: New Spectral Functions Of Near-groundmentioning

confidence: 99%

New spectral functions of the near-ground albedo derived from aircraft diffraction spectrometer observations

et al. 2014

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Abstract. The airborne spectral observations of the upward and downward irradiances are revisited to investigate the dependence of the near-ground albedo as a function of wavelength in the entire solar spectrum for different surfaces (sand, water, snow) and under different conditions (clear or cloudy sky). The radiative upward and downward fluxes were determined by a diffraction spectrometer flown on a research aircraft that was performing multiple flight paths near the ground. The results obtained show that the near-ground albedo does not generally increase with increasing wavelengths for all kinds of surfaces as is widely believed today. Particularly, in the case of water surfaces it was found that the albedo in the ultraviolet region is more or less independent of the wavelength on a long-term basis. Interestingly, in the visible and near-infrared spectra the water albedo obeys an almost constant power-law relationship with wavelength. In the case of sand surfaces it was found that the sand albedo is a quadratic function of wavelength, which becomes more accurate if the ultraviolet wavelengths are neglected. Finally, it was found that the spectral dependence of snow albedo behaves similarly to that of water, i.e. both decrease from the ultraviolet to the near-infrared wavelengths by 20-50 %, despite the fact that their values differ by one order of magnitude (water albedo being lower). In addition, the snow albedo vs. ultraviolet wavelength is almost constant, while in the visible near-infrared spectrum the best simulation is achieved by a second-order polynomial, as in the case of sand, but with opposite slopes.

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Section: A Varotsos Et Al: New Spectral Functions Of Near-groundmentioning

confidence: 99%

New spectral functions of the near-ground albedo derived from aircraft diffraction spectrometer observations

et al. 2014

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“…The comparison of the theoretical algorithm's results with the corresponding experimental data showed a very good agreement. The theoretical algorithm gave us the chance of studying the fluctuations not only of the direct and diffuse UV radiation but also of the entire radiation, in different spectral areas (Kondratyev et al 1995.…”

Section: Measurements Of the Erythemal Uv Radiation At Various Atmospmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of the erythemal ultraviolet trends in the greater Greece area: Implications to human health

Theodorakopoulos

Theodorakopoulou

2005

International Journal of Remote Sensing

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Among the most important aspects of the atmospheric pollution problem are the anthropogenic impacts on the stratospheric ozone layer, the related trends of the total ozone content drop and the solar ultraviolet radiation enhancement at the Earth's surface level.This paper presents an investigation of the spatial distribution of the erythemal ultraviolet radiation trends in Greece derived from 1979 to 1991 Nimbus 7 observations. In addition, it examines the adverse impact of the erythemal ultraviolet radiation on human health by employing in-field measurements deduced from airborne instrumentation.

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“…As the temperature of an emitting surface increases, the maximum wavelength of the emitted radiation increases too. Smith and Gottlieb (1974) re-examined the subject of photon solar flux and its variations vs. wavelength and showed that variations in the extreme ultraviolet (UV) spectrum and in the X-ray of solar flux may reach high orders of magnitude causing significant changes in the Earth's ionosphere, especially during major solar flares (Kondratyev et al, 1995;Kondratyev and Varotsos, 1996;Ziemke et al, 2000;Varotsos et al, 2001;Melnikova, 2009;Tzanis et al, 2009;Xue et al, 2011;Cracknell et al, 2014). Solanki and Unruh (1998) proposed simple models of the total solar irradiance variations vs. wavelength showing that variations on solar flux are mainly caused by magnetic fields at the solar surface.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the scaling of the solar incident flux

et al. 2015

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Abstract. It was recently found that spectral solar incident flux (SIF) as a function of the ultraviolet wavelengths exhibits 1/f -type power-law correlations. In this study, an attempt was made to explore the residues of the SIF with respect to the Planck law over a wider range of wavelengths, from 115.5 to 629.5 nm. Using spectral, Haar and Detrended Fluctuation analyses, we show that over the range from 10-20 nm to the maximum lag (≈ 500 nm), the SIF residues have a scaling regime with fluctuation exponent H ≈ 0.37 but with high intermittency (C 1 ≈ 0.16, multifractal index α ≈ 1.7) and spectral exponent ≈ 1.46. Over the shorter wavelengths range we found on the contrary low intermittency (C 1 ≈ 0) with spectral exponent ≈ 1 and H ≈ 0.

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Atmospheric Ozone Trends and Other Factors of Surface Ultraviolet Radiation Variability

Cited by 70 publications

References 24 publications

New spectral functions of the near-ground albedo derived from aircraft diffraction spectrometer observations

New spectral functions of the near-ground albedo derived from aircraft diffraction spectrometer observations

Investigation of the erythemal ultraviolet trends in the greater Greece area: Implications to human health

On the scaling of the solar incident flux

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