Atomic Layer Deposition-Free Monolithic Perovskite/Perovskite/Silicon Triple-Junction Solar Cells

Abstract

Perovskite/perovskite/silicon (PVSK/PVSK/Si) triple-junction (3J) tandem solar cells may exhibit higher efficiencies than their PVSK/Si double-junction (2J) counterparts; however, their best efficiency is still significantly lower due to the chemical degradation of the PVSK middle cell by solvents and the poor performance of the PVSK top cell. This paper reports the use of a highly volatile solvent mixture to prevent solvent penetration across the recombination layer between two PVSK subcells and to demonstrate efficient PVSK/PVSK tandems even without atomic layer deposition protection layers. The photovoltaic performance of the PVSK top cell, with a bandgap energy of 1.96 eV, can be improved from 6.4% to 13.9% by adding urea, mainly due to the enhanced crystallinity and light-absorbing capability. With the aid of the new volatile solvent and the urea additive, the final monolithic PVSK/PVSK/Si 3J tandems exhibited a record-high conversion efficiency of 22.23%.

Recent progress in monolithic two-terminal perovskite-based triple-junction solar cells

“…The main improvement came from increase in ( j SC ) in the presence of the urea additive, which they attributed to the enhanced thin-film crystallinity and light absorption. 15 We used a Cs 0.05 (FA 0.55 MA 0.45 ) 0.95 Pb(I 0.55 Br 0.45 ) 3 perovskite composition with 1.83 eV bandgap as top cell absorber of perovskite/perovskite/silicon triple-junction cell. A dynamic gas quenching method was used to prevent solvent damage to the already deposited layers.…”

“…Very recently, Choi et al reported on a 22.2% perovskite/perovskite/silicon triple-junction solar cell 15 on a flat front side and textured rear side SHJ. Perovskite middle and top cells in this work were Cs 0.10 FA 0.85 MA 0.05 PbI 3 (1.56 eV) and MAPb(I 0.50 Br 0.35 Cl 0.15 ) 3 (1.96 eV), respectively.…”

“…26 Beyond this, Choi et al fabricated perovskite/perovskite/silicon triple-junction solar cells without the SnO x buffer layer. 15 To enable fabrication of ALD free interconnection layer, Polyethylenimine ethoxylated (PEIE) in methanol was first spin coated on C 60 similar to the approach outlined in ref. 14 and 38.…”

Integration of One-Dimensional (1D) Lead-Free Perovskite Microbelts onto Silicon for Ultraviolet–Visible–Near-Infrared (UV-vis-NIR) Heterojunction Photodetectors

“…However, the instability of lead-based perovskites results in a potential risk of lead leakage and limits their practical applications. In order to develop environmentally friendly photoelectric devices, lead-free perovskites have been developed and integrated onto Si wafers, which attract lots of attention in the preparation of heterojunctions, performance research, and device applications. ,− …”

Monolithic Two-Terminal Perovskite/Perovskite/Silicon Triple-Junction Solar Cells with Open Circuit Voltage >2.8 V

“…Hence, perovskite/perovskite/silicon triple-junction solar cells are the next focus of the perovskite community. However, this technology is relatively new, and the research on it is at an early stage with only a few demonstrations. − Among the possible approaches to couple the subcells in multi-junction solar cells, the two-terminal architecture is likely to be the most relevant for the future market, as it can easily be integrated into the standard module layout of silicon technology and requires fewer interconnections. In monolithic two-terminal multi-junction solar cells, the subcells are connected in series.…”