Atomic Spectrometry Update. Advances in atomic emission, absorption, and fluorescence spectrometry, and related techniques

Evans, E. Hywel; Dawson, J. B.; Fisher, Andrew; Hill, Steve J.; Price, W. J.; Smith, Clare M. M.; Sutton, Karen L.; Tyson, Julian F.

doi:10.1039/b103584n

Cited by 14 publications

References 440 publications

(612 reference statements)

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Laser Spectrometric Techniques in Analytical Atomic Spectrometry

Axner

Galbács

2012

Encyclopedia of Analytical Chemistry

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The main purpose of this article is to describe the theory, instrumentation, and analytical performance of laser analytical atomic spectrometry, focusing on absorption, fluorescence, and ionization techniques. The structure of the article is such that it first provides an outline of the theory of light‐matter interactions that prevail for each type of technique as well as of the most common modulation techniques, primarily, wavelength modulation (WM). This is followed by a section that covers the most important types of instrumentation used. The article finally provides a detailed discussion on the specific instrumentation, mode of operation, use, performance, and applications (both analytical and diagnostic) of each technique. In terms of laser atomic absorption, the focus of the discussion is on the use of approaches to enhance the detection capability by either reducing the amount of noise (as is done by the wavelength modulation absorption spectrometry (WMAS) technique) or by providing an extended interaction length (giving rise to cavity‐enhanced absorption spectrometry (CEAS) techniques in general, and cavity ring‐down spectrometry (CRDS) in particular). Laser atomic fluorescence techniques (often referred to as laser‐excited atomic fluorescence spectrometry ( LEAFS )) as well as laser ionization techniques (termed either laser‐enhanced ionization ( LEI ) or resonance ionization spectrometry ( RIS )) are also covered in some detail. It is shown that several of these techniques are capable of detecting a variety of elements in liquid samples down to low picogram per milliliter (pg mL −1 ) or parts‐per‐trillion (ppt) concentrations and in low femtogram amounts. Also other properties of the techniques, e.g. selectivity and linear dynamic range (LDR), are in general superior to those of conventional (nonlaser‐based techniques).

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Laser Spectrometric Techniques in Analytical Atomic Spectrometry

Axner

Galbács

2012

Encyclopedia of Analytical Chemistry

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Analytical Chemistry of Element Determination (Non‐Nuclear and Nuclear)

Ihnat¹

2004

Elements and Their Compounds in the Environment

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Breakdown spectroscopy induced by localized microwaves for material identification

Meir

Jerby

2011

Micro & Optical Tech Letters

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This letter introduces a localized microwave technique for direct excitation of solid materials for the sake of their identification by atomic emission spectroscopy. The microwave energy is concentrated on the material surface by a microwave‐drill type applicator. The evolved ∼1‐mm3 hotspot is slightly evaporated and excited as plasma. An optical spectrometer measures the atomic emission spectrum, hence enabling the material identification as in the known laser‐induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) technique. The experimental results demonstrate the conceptual feasibility of the localized microwave‐induced breakdown spectroscopy as a low‐cost substitute for the laser‐based LIBS for material identification in scenarios in which a direct contact with the material to be identified and its slight destruction are permitted. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 53:2281–2283, 2011; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.26272

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Atomic Spectrometry Update. Advances in atomic emission, absorption, and fluorescence spectrometry, and related techniques

Cited by 14 publications

References 440 publications

Laser Spectrometric Techniques in Analytical Atomic Spectrometry

Laser Spectrometric Techniques in Analytical Atomic Spectrometry

Analytical Chemistry of Element Determination (Non‐Nuclear and Nuclear)

Breakdown spectroscopy induced by localized microwaves for material identification

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