Atomic spectrometry update. Environmental analysis

Abstract

This is the twenty-forth annual review published in JAAS of the application of atomic spectrometry to the chemical analysis of environmental samples. This Update refers to papers published approximately between September 2007 and August 2008. In the analysis of air, work is focused on the need to collect and characterise ultrafines, i.e. particles below 100 nm in size, and such research is being facilitated through the development of air sampler technologies for subsequent off-line analysis of particles and aerosol mass spectrometric techniques for real-time measurements. In the analysis of water elemental speciation and development of vapour generation techniques for metalloid species continue to attach attention. Data quality and metrological issues are receiving renewed interest in part due to an increase in water quality regulations. In the field of soil and plant analysis, elemental fraction and speciation protocols based upon sequential extraction procedures, chromatographic separation procedures and synchrotron radiation x-ray techniques continue to be utilized and developed. As noted in previous Updates, laser ablation continues to go from strength to strength in being adopted as a solid sampling tool in geochemical analysis. Work continues to be focused on the production, characterization and certification of new geological reference materials. Feedback on this review

Determination of four arsenic species in soil by sequential extraction and high performance liquid chromatography with post-column hydride generation and inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry detection

“…23 Procedures may be divided into those based on selective, sequential extraction that are designed to estimate how much arsenic may be available for uptake by plants and those designed to extract all species so that they can be separated and quantified. While these latter procedures are, in principle, more useful there are considerable difficulties with ensuring that (a) all of the relevant species are extracted, and (b) there is no interconversion.…”

Synthesis photophysical studies of some furfurylnitrones: high-ly selective chemosensors for Zn2+ and DFT studies

“…Fluorescence emission spectroscopy was used to monitor the competition event. The fluorescence quenching observed for Zn 2+ (1)(2)(3)(4). Besides, Zn 2+ ions to all the four compounds in ethanol, and huge fluorescence quenching are ascribed at 450-460 nm (Fig.…”

“…The pledge of fluorescent detection is superior to other analytical measurements is very high promise, sensitivity, simplicity of use, and low expenditure (Butler et al 2008;Yanagida et al 2009; Szmacinski et al 1993;Lakowicz et al 1983;Czarnik et al 1994; Lakowicz et al 1995). Zinc ion (Zn 2+ ) is the key note of awareness ascribing to the biological significance.…”

“…we comprehensive the synthesis, characterization, and discriminating recognition behaviour of aldosterones derivatives as an extremely well-organized chemosensors for Zn 2+ .Emission spectroscopy is extensively used high selectivity, simple application, and low cost. In the present work, substituted, aldosterones were de-tailed explanation of UV-Vis, FT-IR, 1 H and 13 C NMR techniques, emission spectroscopy. To design the sensor shows tremendously high selectivity compared to the recently determined Zn 2+ sensors ascribed to the very high association constants for the binding of Zn 2+ .…”

Fate and Biotransformation of Metal and Metalloid Species in Biological Wastewater Treatment Processes

“…The most comprehensive database of literature and research on elemental speciation could be found at www.speciation.net, the official Web site of the European Virtual Institute for Speciation Analysis (EVISA; 2008). These advances have been also collected and described in various review articles during the last decade (Ali et al, 2005;Butler et al, 2005Butler et al, , 2006Butler et al, , 2007Butler et al, , 2008Cave et al, 2001;Li et al, 2008;Moldovan et al, 2004;Wang, 2007;Wuilloud & Altamirano, 2006;Yip & Sham, 2007). It is not our intention to perform an extensive literature review on analytical methods for elemental speciation, in general.…”