Atomic spectroscopy of trapped, highly charged, heavy ions

Abstract

For spectroscopy, the electron beam ion trap (EBIT) is of special interest, because it provides a cloud of highly charged ions that is confined to a small volume, at very low particle density, at a relatively low temperature, and without any net velocity in the laboratory rest frame. These conditions are favourable for observations at high spectral resolution and wavelength accuracy. Examples from recent work at Livermore comprise extreme ultraviolet and soft-X-ray spectra. A time-resolving multi-pixel microcalorimeter furthermore permits the study of time-dependent plasma phenomena and atomic lifetimes. Lifetime measurements at a heavy-ion storage ring can be combined with EBIT measurements to clarify isoelectronic behaviour.

Irreducible tensor form of the relativistic corrections to the M1 transition operator

“…A similar experimental setup has been adopted for the measurement of the metastable lifetime of 2s 2 2p 2 1 S 0 in O +2 [38]. The electron beam ion trap technique [39] and/or the heavy-ion storage ring measurements [40,41] have been explored to investigate the E1-forbidden transition probabilities between the fine-structure levels of the ground configuration or to measure the E1-forbidden excited levels decay rates in Be-like [42,43,44], B-like [45,43,44,46,47,48,49], C-like [50,51], N-like [50], F-like [43,44], Al-like [52,53,54,55], Si-like [45,56,57,58,56,55], P-like [58,59,60,55], S-like [61,58,62,60,55], Cl-like [58,63,53,59], Ti-like [23,64] ions. The accuracy achieved in the EBIT measurement of the 1s 2 2s 2 2p 2 P o 3/2 level lifetime in boronlike Argon ...…”