Attachment theory and psychotherapy integration: An introduction and review of the literature.

Gold, Jerry

doi:10.1037/a0025490

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Moreover, interventions that are potentially attachment related, for example, the establishment of a secure positive therapeutic alliance, were part of both therapies under investigation (Leichsenring et al, 2007; Stangier et al, 2006). Future research should develop more attachment‐focused interventions (Davila & Levy, 2006; Gold, 2011; Mallinckrodt, 2010) and then examine which attachment group might benefit from which kind of specific intervention.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Prior to the first psychotherapy session, patients' attachment was assessed with the Adult Attachment Prototype Rating (AAPR;Strauss et al, 1999), the German Version of a measure developed by Pilkonis (1988). The expert rating is based on an interview (Interpersonal Relationship Assessment, IRA) addressing experiences within early (parents and siblings) and current relationships (romantic partners and friends), similar to the Adult Attachment Interview (AAI; George, Kaplan, & Main, 1996). The interviews are video-recorded and rated by trained raters focusing on prototypical features of seven specific attachment prototypes (e.g., secure, excessively dependent, or emotionally detached, cf.).…”

Section: Instrumentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Differential effects of adult attachment in cognitive‐behavioural and psychodynamic therapy in social anxiety disorder: A comparison between a self‐rating and an observer rating

Altmann

Nodop

Dinger

et al. 2020

Clin Psychology and Psychoth

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Different measures of attachment are usually weakly correlated. In a subsample of an RCT comparing short-term cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT) and psychodynamic therapy (PDT), we examined the association between attachment and outcome using two attachment measures. The sample comprises 148 patients with social anxiety disorder who were treated in the SOPHO-NET trial. Pretreatment attachment was assessed using the Adult Attachment Prototype Rating (AAPR) and the Bielefeld Questionnaire of Client Expectations (BQCE). Regression models were used to predict the therapeutic alliance (HAQ) at session 8, the Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale (LSAS) at the end of therapy and a 6-month follow-up. Attachment groups (secure, avoidant, and ambivalent) classified with the AAPR and the BQCE were not significantly correlated (Cohen's κ = 0.08). Only the BQCE was associated with the HAQ indicating avoidantly attached patients showing lower HAQ scores than securely attached (Cohen's d = 0.722). Regarding the AAPR, we found an interaction effect of treatment and attachment related to the post-treatment LSAS scores. Post hoc tests revealed that securely attached patients in CBT had lower scores than securely attached in PDT (d = 0.922) and, on a trend level, avoidantly attached in CBT (d = 0.782). We conclude that attachment-outcome associations are affected by the applied measure. The identified differential effects suggest that psychotherapists should adapt the interventions on the attachment of their patients.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Instrumentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential effects of adult attachment in cognitive‐behavioural and psychodynamic therapy in social anxiety disorder: A comparison between a self‐rating and an observer rating

Altmann

Nodop

Dinger

et al. 2020

Clin Psychology and Psychoth

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“…Las experiencias vitales, e incluso el mero transcurso de la vida pueden modificarlo (Grossmann, Grossmann y Waters, 2005;Mikulincer y Shaver, 2007), además de ser susceptible de mejora terapéu-tica (Gould, 2011;Wallin, 2007). Cuando una persona enferma, sus necesidades de atención y de apoyo no solo aumentan, sino que se activan otras específicas , que según los datos puede resumirse en incrementar la calidad de las relaciones cercanas a través sobre todo de una disminución del temor a ser rechazados o abandonados por las figuras de apego.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Apego y bienestar en mujeres en proceso de tratamiento del cáncer de mama.

Alonso

Gómez

Ezama³

2015

AN PSICOL-SPAIN

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Resumen: Este estudio explora la contribución del vínculo de apego al bienestar de las pacientes en tratamiento por cáncer de mama. Su objetivo es aportar conocimientos sobre cómo favorecer el afrontamiento del cán-cer y de las dificultades que suelen concurrir con él. Un total de 58 mujeres que iban a comenzar un tratamiento de radioterapia por cáncer de mama informaron a través de cuestionarios sobre: síntomas y disfunciones relacionados con la enfermedad y el tratamiento, afectos positivos y negativos, bienestar emocional, contrariedades diarias y vínculo de apego. El análisis de regresión revela que el componente Temor al rechazo y al abandono del apego, la presencia de contrariedades -principalmente las económicas-y la presencia de síntomas físicos predicen el grado de bienestar. Los otros dos componentes del apego (Deseo de cercanía y Preferencia por la independencia) no presentan ninguna relación significativa. Contrariamente a lo esperado, la merma de capacidad funcional no predice una disminución del bienestar. Se discute sobre el peso diferencial de las variables médicas y psicosociales en la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud y se concluye la importancia de las intervenciones encaminadas a mejorar el estado emocional durante los tratamientos del cáncer a través de la mejora de las relaciones cercanas. Palabras clave: Apego adulto; Calidad de vida relacionada con la salud; Cáncer de mama; Contrariedades diarias; Temor al rechazo y al abandono.Title: Attachment and wellbeing in women undergoing breast cancer treatment. Abstract: This study investigates the contribution of the attachment to the wellbeing of patients during breast cancer treatment with the aim to provide evidence on how to enhance coping with cancer and its related difficulties. The sample consisted of 58 women who were about to begin radiotherapy for breast cancer. They completed questionnaires about: symptoms and dysfunctions related to disease and treatment, positive and negative affect, emotional wellbeing, daily hassles, and adult attachment. A regression analysis revealed that the component Fear of rejection and abandonment of attachment, the presence of daily hassles -mainly economic-, and physical symptoms predict the degree of wellbeing. The other two components of attachment (Desire for closeness and Preference for independence) show no significant relationships, and contrary to expectations, the loss of functional capacity does not predict a decrease in wellbeing. We discuss the differential weight of medical and psychosocial variables on health-related quality of life. Results emphasize the importance of interventions aimed at improving emotional state through improved relationships during cancer treatments.

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“…2.2). In this regard, the clinical psychological community widely recognizes the clinical nature of attachment theory and its applicability to practice (Bowlby, 1969(Bowlby, /1982Gold, 2011). Consistently, many clinical schools include it in their conceptualizations and treatments.…”

Section: Enabling the Design Of New Psychological Treatmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of developmental caregiving programming in modulating our affiliation tendency and the vulnerability to social anxiety and eating disorders

Gagliardi

2024

Front. Psychol.

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Attachment is the evolutionarily-established process through which humans create bonds with others to receive care from them. The phenomenon is as essential to our physical survival as it is to our psychological development. An increasing number of studies demonstrates that in sensitive periods during the early years of life, our brain circuitry is programmed in the interactions with our caregivers, with the imprinting of information over multiple attachment dimensions. Adopting a basic brain-computer analogy, we can think of this knowledge as the psycho-social firmware of our mind. According to a recently proposed extension of the classical three-dimensional view, one attachment dimension – somaticity – concerns the caregiver’s task of reflecting and confirming the child’s (internal) states – such as sensations, emotions, and representations – to support the child’s ability to identify and define those entities autonomously. Relying on multidisciplinary evidence – from neuroscientific, developmental, evolutionary, and clinical sources – we suggest that somaticity (H1) has the adaptive function to modulate our tendency to comply and affiliate with a reference group but also (H2) increases the vulnerability to developing Social Anxiety (SA) and Eating Disorders (EDs). We evaluate H1-H2, (1) indicating the evolutionary role of somaticity in modulating our affiliation tendency to optimize the ancestral threat-opportunity balance coming from infectious diseases and (2) showing the deep connection between SA-EDs and the features most closely related to somaticity – interoception and parenting style. Finally, we discuss three relevant implications of H1-H2: (A) Bringing into research focus the adaptive role of our firmware knowledge system versus the hardware (neural substrate) and software (higher cognition) ones. (B) Complementing the well-grounded Objectification and Allocentric Lock Theories, allowing us to integrate multiple levels of explanation on the etiology of psychopathology. (C) Suggesting the design of new psychological treatments. While not aiming to prove H1-H2, our analysis supports them and encourages their direct testing.

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Attachment theory and psychotherapy integration: An introduction and review of the literature.

Cited by 9 publications

References 26 publications

Differential effects of adult attachment in cognitive‐behavioural and psychodynamic therapy in social anxiety disorder: A comparison between a self‐rating and an observer rating

Differential effects of adult attachment in cognitive‐behavioural and psychodynamic therapy in social anxiety disorder: A comparison between a self‐rating and an observer rating

Apego y bienestar en mujeres en proceso de tratamiento del cáncer de mama.

The role of developmental caregiving programming in modulating our affiliation tendency and the vulnerability to social anxiety and eating disorders

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