Attempted mechanical transmission of lumpy skin disease virus by biting insects

Chihota, C. M.; Rennie, L. F.; Kitching, R.; Mellor, P. S.

doi:10.1046/j.1365-2915.2003.00445.x

Cited by 140 publications

(186 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…virulent strain of LSD virus, sheep pox vaccination Recumbency resulted as LSD is deblitating disease failure in cattle, dense insects caused cachexia and weakness and needed long time and foot and mouth disease (strain-A) outbreak for recovery. Abortion was thought to be as result of preceding LSD outbreak were gathering and high persistent fever not due to LSD virus attacking enhancing the high morbidity (100%) Capstick et fetal membranes or tissues as indicated by absence of al (1959).The severity of LSD and its complication specific LSD lesions in newly borns and aborted foeti population (Chihota et al , 2003) www.veterinaryworld.org Veterinary World, Vol. as well as the percentage of abortion was very low (0.4%).…”

Section: -Results Of Treatment Trials: These Werementioning

confidence: 99%

Incidence of lumpy skin disease among Egyptian cattle in Giza Governorate, Egypt

Salib¹,

Osman²

2011

Vet. World

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The present study was conducted on 500 cattle of different breed in Giza governorate. Their age ranged from 1-7 years of different sexes. All suspected animals were clinically examined. The recoded lesions including the complicated cases in different age and sexes were described. The infected animals were classified according to the severity of clinical status into mild and severe forms. The severe form was recorded in all ages and both sexes in the frezian cattle and some of the native ones while the mild form was recorded in native cattle.The morbidity, mortality and case fatality rates of LSD among examined Egyptian cattle were 100%, 1.8%, and 1.8% respectively. Grossly lumpy skin lesions appeared as nodules 1 to 7 cm in diameter and occurred anywhere on the animal body. The hair stands erected over early skin lesions. The nodules involved the epidermis, dermis, and subcutaneous tissue and may even spread to the musculature. Histopathological examinations of lumpy skin disease revealed ballooning degeneration of stratum spinosum with microvesicles formation. Eosinophilic intracytoplasmic inclusion bodies specific for LSD were detected by electron microscopy. The main target of treatment trials was to save the animal life and to prevent LSD complications.

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Section: -Results Of Treatment Trials: These Werementioning

confidence: 99%

Incidence of lumpy skin disease among Egyptian cattle in Giza Governorate, Egypt

Salib¹,

Osman²

2011

Vet. World

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“…Mellor et al (1987) found that the stable ßy mechanically transmitted capripox virus and African swine fever virus both 1 h and 24 h after ingesting the virus. However, the stable ßy was not an important mechanical vector of pathogens responsible for anaplasmosis (Scoles et al 2005), Potomac horse fever (Burg et al 1994), lumpy skin disease (Chihota et al 2003), or bovine leukosis (Weber et al 1988). Failure of the stable ßy to mechanically transmit pathogens may be due to an inadequate pathogen load, intracellular location of pathogens or loss of pathogen viability (Weber et al 1988, Scoles et al 2005.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of West Nile Virus in Stable Flies (Diptera: Muscidae) Parasitizing Juvenile American White Pelicans

et al. 2010

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Stable flies, Stomoxys calcitrans (L.) (Diptera: Muscidae), an economically important pest of livestock and humans, were observed parasitizing prefledged American white pelicans, Pelecanus erythrorhynchos (Pelecaniformes: Pelecanidae), in a pelican breeding colony in northeastern Montana where die-offs attributed to West Nile virus (family Flaviviridae, genus Flavivirus, WNV) have occurred since 2002. Engorged and unengorged flies were collected off nine moribund chicks. Of 29 blood-engorged flies testing positive for vertebrate DNA, all 29 contained pelican DNA. Virus isolation was performed on 60 pools (1,176 flies) of unengorged flies using Vero cell plaque assay. Eighteen pools were positive for WNV for an estimated infection rate of 18.0 per 1,000 flies. Fifty-four percent (36/67) of abdomens from blood-engorged flies tested positive for WNV. Pelican viremia levels from the blood-engorged fly abdomens revealed that at least one of the ill pelicans circulated a viremia capable of infecting Culex mosquito vectors. Stable flies may be involved in WNV transmission within the pelican breeding colony by serving as either a mechanical vector or as a source for oral infection if ingested by predators.

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“…Since the pathogenesis of seminal shedding of LSDV is not known, it is not known how vaccination prevents shedding. The skin nodules which are characteristic of LSD contain a very high concentration of the virus [6]. As nodules often develop within the genital tract in severely affected animals it is possible that LSDV is released from nodules within the genital tract into the semen during passage through the testes or epididymal ducts.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Absence of lumpy skin disease virus in semen of vaccinated bulls following vaccination and subsequent experimental infection

Osuagwuh

Bagla

Venter

et al. 2007

Vaccine

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Twelve serologically negative bulls were used, six were vaccinated with a modified live LSD vaccine and six unvaccinated. All were then experimentally infected with a virulent field strain of LSDV. No clinical abnormality was detected following vaccination, and mild clinical signs were seen in four vaccinated bulls following challenge. Virus was not found in semen of vaccinated bulls. Two of the unvaccinated bulls developed severe LSD and four showed mild symptoms, all excreted the virus in the semen following challenge.This study confirmed the ability of LSD vaccination to prevent the excretion of LSDV in semen of vaccinated bulls.

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Attempted mechanical transmission of lumpy skin disease virus by biting insects

Cited by 140 publications

References 20 publications

Incidence of lumpy skin disease among Egyptian cattle in Giza Governorate, Egypt

Incidence of lumpy skin disease among Egyptian cattle in Giza Governorate, Egypt

Detection of West Nile Virus in Stable Flies (Diptera: Muscidae) Parasitizing Juvenile American White Pelicans

Absence of lumpy skin disease virus in semen of vaccinated bulls following vaccination and subsequent experimental infection

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