Attention/Cognitive Bias Modification

Abstract

Cognitive bias modification ( CBM ) refers to a variety of computer‐based tasks designed to manipulate cognitive processes (e.g., attention and interpretation) that are proposed to play a role in the development and maintenance of emotional disorders. Via repetition of simple tasks, CBM procedures are designed to “train” cognitive biases that preferentially process disorder‐congruent information. Cognitive theories propose that modification of these biases will result in reduced emotionality in the face of subsequent stressors. Empirical work evaluating CBM procedures has demonstrated that CBM reliably modifies cognitive processes of attention and interpretation, although the strength of the effect varies across study parameters. The impact of CBM on emotionality is less clear, although the current evidence suggests these procedures may have some benefit in clinical populations. Important limitations exist in the current research, including limited work evaluating the endurance of these effects.