Augmented peripheral nerve regeneration through elastic nerve guidance conduits prepared using a porous PLCL membrane with a 3D printed collagen hydrogel
Abstract:Peripheral nerve injury results in significant sensory and motor functional deficits. Although direct neurorrhaphy in the early phase may reduce its devastating effects, direct end-to-end neurorrhaphy is sometimes impossible owing...
“…The work concluded that the NGC containing aligned collagen hydrogel is favorable for peripheral nerve regeneration [ 56 ]. Even though gelatin has a series of bio functional properties such as good biocompatibility and biodegradability, cost effectivity and low immunogenicity, this type of NGCs may lead to the collapse of conduits after implantation [ 22 , 57 ], and this issue needs to be improved in the future. Fig.…”
Section: Materials Choice and Structural Optimization For Ngcsmentioning
Nerve guidance conduits (NGCs) have attracted much attention due to their great necessity and applicability in clinical use for the peripheral nerve repair. Great efforts in recent years have been devoted to the development of high-performance NGCs using various materials and strategies. The present review provides a comprehensive overview of progress in the material innovation, structural design, advanced engineering technologies and multi functionalization of state-of-the-art nerve guidance conduits NGCs. Abundant advanced engineering technologies including extrusion-based system, laser-based system, and novel textile forming techniques in terms of weaving, knitting, braiding, and electrospinning techniques were also analyzed in detail. Findings arising from this review indicate that the structural mimetic NGCs combined with natural and synthetic materials using advanced manufacturing technologies can make full use of their complementary advantages, acquiring better biomechanical properties, chemical stability and biocompatibility. Finally, the existing challenges and future opportunities of NGCs were put forward aiming for further research and applications of NGCs.
“…The work concluded that the NGC containing aligned collagen hydrogel is favorable for peripheral nerve regeneration [ 56 ]. Even though gelatin has a series of bio functional properties such as good biocompatibility and biodegradability, cost effectivity and low immunogenicity, this type of NGCs may lead to the collapse of conduits after implantation [ 22 , 57 ], and this issue needs to be improved in the future. Fig.…”
Section: Materials Choice and Structural Optimization For Ngcsmentioning
Nerve guidance conduits (NGCs) have attracted much attention due to their great necessity and applicability in clinical use for the peripheral nerve repair. Great efforts in recent years have been devoted to the development of high-performance NGCs using various materials and strategies. The present review provides a comprehensive overview of progress in the material innovation, structural design, advanced engineering technologies and multi functionalization of state-of-the-art nerve guidance conduits NGCs. Abundant advanced engineering technologies including extrusion-based system, laser-based system, and novel textile forming techniques in terms of weaving, knitting, braiding, and electrospinning techniques were also analyzed in detail. Findings arising from this review indicate that the structural mimetic NGCs combined with natural and synthetic materials using advanced manufacturing technologies can make full use of their complementary advantages, acquiring better biomechanical properties, chemical stability and biocompatibility. Finally, the existing challenges and future opportunities of NGCs were put forward aiming for further research and applications of NGCs.
“…3D scaffolds are usually designed to be like highly porous networks to facilitate material exchange and cell infiltration. [ 20,24 ] The related parameters of aperture directly affect its performance and function in biomedical applications. In this study, we provide a rolledâup 3D scaffold with a pore size of 500 ”m Ă 100 ”m, which allows seed cell migration, the effective diffusion of nutrients, oxygen, and growth factors, and waste removal.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…developed the poly(lactideâ co âcaprolactone) NGC containing a 3D printed aligned collagen hydrogel with nanoporous structures to reconstruct sciatic nerve defects in vivo. [ 24 ]…”
Peripheral nerve injuries are one of the most common types of traumatic damage to the nervous system. Treatment of peripheral nerve injuries aims to promote axon regrowth by imitating and improving the microenvironment for sciatic nerve regeneration. In this study, regeneration efficiency and behavior of peripheral nerves are compared under three treatment strategies: 1)Â transplantation of Schwann cell progenitors induced from purified neural crest stem cells; 2) implantation of a multiscale scaffold based on highâresolution 3D printing; and 3) implantation of this bionic scaffold loading Schwann cell progenitors. The results of structural, electrophysiological, and behavioral tests demonstrate that the three treatment strategies result in different degrees of regeneration. The purified neural crest stem cells differentiate into functional Schwann cells and promote axon regeneration. The multifunctional 3D printed scaffold promotes oriented growth and myelination, and the myelinated nerve regrows with increased density and without visible scaffolds after six months. For the regeneration, scaffold treatment produces better performance than cell graft alone. Finally, it is shown that implantation of multiscale scaffolds preloaded with neural crest stem cell derived Schwann cell progenitors is the best strategy to promote peripheral nerve regeneration with improved anatomy and function among the three different strategies.
“…Finally, ROKIT HEALTHCARE's DR. INVIVO system has become an immensely popular tool that was cited in more than 60 publications (see Fig. 6) in a variety of applications, such as additive manufacturing for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, [119][120][121][122][123][124][125] drug testing, 126 and pharmaceutical [127][128][129] and biomaterials research. [130][131][132] In addition to the low-cost DR. INVIVO 4D2 series, ROKIT HEALTHCARE just released a new high-cost model in 2020, INVIVO 4D6 HEALTHCARE (Suppl.…”
Section: Regemat 3d's Bio V1 and Reg4life Founded In 2015mentioning
Three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting has become mainstream for precise and repeatable high-throughput fabrication of complex cell cultures and tissue constructs in drug testing and regenerative medicine, food products, dental and medical implants, biosensors, and so forth. Due to this tremendous growth in demand, an overwhelming amount of hardware manufacturers have recently flooded the market with different types of low-cost bioprinter modelsâa price segment that is most affordable to typical-sized laboratories. These machines range in sophistication, type of the underlying printing technology, and possible add-ons/features, which makes the selection process rather daunting (especially for a nonexpert customer). Yet, the review articles available in the literature mostly focus on the technical aspects of the printer technologies under development, as opposed to explaining the differences in what is already on the market. In contrast, this paper provides a snapshot of the fast-evolving low-cost bioprinter niche, as well as reputation profiles (relevant to delivery time, part quality, adherence to specifications, warranty, maintenance, etc.) of the companies selling these machines. Specifically, models spanning three dominant technologiesâmicroextrusion, droplet-based/inkjet, and light-based/crosslinkingâare reviewed. Additionally, representative examples of high-end competitors (including up-and-coming microfluidics-based bioprinters) are discussed to highlight their major differences and advantages relative to the low-cost models. Finally, forecasts are made based on the trends observed during this survey, as to the anticipated trickling down of the high-end technologies to the low-cost printers. Overall, this paper provides insight for guiding buyers on a limited budget toward making informed purchasing decisions in this fast-paced market.
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