Augmented Reality for Vehicle-Driver Communication: A Systematic Review

Kettle, Liam; Lee, Yi‐Ching

doi:10.3390/safety8040084

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…Although a verbal DA was utilized in the current study, future research should additionally examine responsibility differences when vehicles are integrated with visual (augmented reality) stimuli. In these instances, augmented reality interfaces enhance the driver's situation awareness while operating ADS features; but, if drivers are overloaded with information, they may direct visual attention away from critical events (Kettle & Lee, 2022).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender Differences in Responsibility Assignment Towards Level 3-ADS Vehicles

Kettle,

Lee

2023

Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual

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Numerous collisions have occurred since integrating vehicles with automated driving system (ADS) features. Attributed responsibility following collisions differ dependent on level of automation or anthropomorphism. However, gender differences are yet to be examined. Thus, the current study examined gender differences in responsibility assignment following collisions involving an ADS-equipped vehicle and the influence of a driving assistant (DA) that administered monitoring requests. Participants read hypothetical scenarios and watched corresponding simulated videos with or without the DA present before assigning blame to the human or the ADS. Hypotheses included gender differences in overall blame assignment, and interaction effects between gender and DA presence; gender and agent; and gender, DA presence, and agent. Results indicated gender differences when assigning responsibility to the human agent only. No other significant differences were supported indicating that men and women generally attribute blame similarly. However, further demographic differences (e.g., age, socio-economic status) should be explored.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender Differences in Responsibility Assignment Towards Level 3-ADS Vehicles

Kettle,

Lee

2023

Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual

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“…Third, future research should integrate both verbal (DA) and visual (augmented reality) stimuli to understand responsibility assignment when vehicles are equipped with advanced communication features. Augmented reality enhances drivers' situation awareness during ADS engagement but may direct visual attention away from critical events if drivers are overloaded with information [49].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Monitoring Requests on Publics’ Assignment of Blame and Praise towards ADS Level 3 Vehicles

Kettle,

McCarty,

Simpson

et al. 2023

Human Behavior and Emerging Technologies

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As vehicle automation capabilities increase, driving control shifts from the human to the vehicle system. However, concerns arise regarding responsibility following critical events and the publics’ trust and acceptance of vehicles equipped with automated driving systems (ADS). The current study examined how participants assigned blame and praise to ADS-equipped vehicles and human drivers following collisions or near-misses and how these attributions were impacted by a virtual driving assistant that administered monitoring requests. Based on literature, our primary hypothesis was that more blame would be assigned to the human and more praise assigned to the ADS when the driving assistant was present. Additionally, we hypothesized greater reported trust towards ADS-equipped vehicles when the driving assistant was present. Participants read vignettes of automated driving, watched corresponding videos, and then self-reported trust, acceptance, anthropomorphism, and assignment of blame and praise. All hypotheses were supported indicating that significant effects were observed: participants assigned greater blame to the human when asked to actively monitor the driving environment and assigned greater praise to the ADS when it alerted the human driver. Additionally, participants reported greater trust and anthropomorphism of the ADS when the driving assistant was present. These findings suggest that explicitly communicating monitoring responsibility through a driving assistant significantly impacts the publics’ opinion of responsibility following critical events. These findings provide initial support for a solution to improve driver safety as well as policy implications regarding positive perceptions and the adoption of ADS-equipped vehicles.

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“…Kettle and Lee [51] reviewed the AR visualizations for in-vehicle vehicle-driver communication, regarding factors like the display mode (e.g., windshield, simulated, HUB, etc. ), the display design (e.g., bounding boxes, warning symbols, arrows, etc.)…”

Section: Previous Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cooperative Saliency-Based Pothole Detection and AR Rendering for Increased Situational Awareness

Arvanitis,

Stagakis,

Zacharaki

et al. 2024

IEEE Trans. Intell. Transport. Syst.

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Autonomous vehicles are expected to operate safely in real-life road conditions in the next years. Nevertheless, unanticipated events such as the existence of unexpected objects in the range of the road, can put safety at risk. The advancement of sensing and communication technologies and Internet of Things may facilitate the recognition of hazardous situations and information exchange in a cooperative driving scheme, providing new opportunities for the increase of collaborative situational awareness. Safe and unobtrusive visualization of the obtained information may nowadays be enabled through the adoption of novel Augmented Reality (AR) interfaces in the form of windshields. Motivated by these technological opportunities, we propose a saliency-based distributed, cooperative and rendering scheme for increasing the driver's situational awareness through (i) automated negative obstacle (potholes) detection, (ii) AR visualization and (iii) information sharing (upcoming potential dangers) with other connected vehicles or road infrastructure. An extensive evaluation study using a variety of real datasets for pothole detection showed that the proposed method provides favorable results and features compared to other recent and relevant approaches.

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Augmented Reality for Vehicle-Driver Communication: A Systematic Review

Cited by 9 publications

References 65 publications

Gender Differences in Responsibility Assignment Towards Level 3-ADS Vehicles

Gender Differences in Responsibility Assignment Towards Level 3-ADS Vehicles

Impact of Monitoring Requests on Publics’ Assignment of Blame and Praise towards ADS Level 3 Vehicles

Cooperative Saliency-Based Pothole Detection and AR Rendering for Increased Situational Awareness

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