Author Correction: T cell and antibody responses induced by a single dose of ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (AZD1222) vaccine in a phase 1/2 clinical trial

Ewer, Katie; Barrett, Jessica R.; Belij‐Rammerstorfer, Sandra; Sharpe, Hannah; Makinson, Rebecca; Morter, Richard; Flaxman, Amy; Wright, D. H.; Bellamy, Duncan; Bittaye, Mustapha; Dold, Christina; Provine, Nicholas M.; Aboagye, Jeremy; Fowler, Jamie; Alderson, Jennifer; Aley, Parvinder K.; Angus, Brian; Berrie, Eleanor; Bibi, Sagida; Cicconi, Paola; Clutterbuck, Elizabeth A.; Chelysheva, Irina; Folegatti, Pedro M.; Fuskova, Michelle; Green, C M; Jenkin, Daniel; Kerridge, Simon; Lawrie, Alison M.; Minassian, Angela M.; Moore, Maria; Mujadidi, Yama F; Plested, Emma; Poulton, Ian; Ramasamy, Maheshi; Robinson, Hannah; Song, Rinn; Snape,; Tarrant, Richard; Voysey, Merryn; Mee., Watson; Douglas, Alexander D.; Avs., Hill; Gilbert, Sarah C.; Pollard, Andrew J.; Lambe, Teresa; Ali, Ashaq; Allen, Elizabeth; Baker, Monya; Barnes, Eleanor; Borthwick, Nicola; Boyd, Amy; Brown-O’Sullivan, Charlie; Burgoyne, Joshua; Byard, Nicholas; Puig, Ingrid Cabrera; Cappuccini, Federica; Cho, JS; Clark, E. W.; Wem., Crocker; Datoo, M; Davies, Helen; Donnellan, Francesca R.; Dunachie, Susanna; Edwards, Nick J.; Elias, S C; Furze, Julie; Gilbride, Ciaran; Gorini, Giacomo; Gupta, Gaurav; Harris, Sophie; Hodgson, Susanne H.; Hou, Mei‐Hui; Jackson, Shane; Jones, Kelly J.; Kailath, Reshma; King, L; Larkworthy, Colin W.; Li, Y; Lias, Amelia M.; Linder, Aline; Lipworth, Samuel; Ramon, Raquel Lopez; Madhavan, Meera; Marlow, Emma; Marshall, Julia; Mentzer, Alexander J.; Morrison, Hazel; Moya, Nathifa; Mukhopadhyay, Ekta; Noe, Amy T.; Nugent, Fay L.; Pipini, Dimitra; Pulido-Gomez, David; Lopez, Fernando Ramos; Ritchie, Adam; Rudiansyah, Indra; Salvador, S; Sanders, Helen; Satti, Iman; Shea, Adam; Silk, Sarah E.; Spencer, Alexandra J.; Tanner, Ryan; Taylor, Irene; Themistocleous, Andreas C.; Thomas, MG; Tran, Ninian; Truby, Adam; Turner, Charlotte; Turner, Nicholas C.; Ulaszewska, Marta; Worth, Andrew; Kingham-Page, Lucy; Mpp., Alvarez; Anslow, Rachel; Bates, Louise; Beadon, Kirsten; Beckley, Rebecca; Beveridge, Amy; Bijker, Else M.; Blackwell, Luke; Burbage, Jamie; Camara, Susana; Carr, Meghan M.; Colin-Jones, Rachel; Cooper, Rowena; Cunningham, Christina J.; Demissie, Tesfaye; Maso, Claudio Di; Douglas, Ned; Drake-Brockman, Rachael; Drury, Ruth; Krw., Emary; Felle, Sally; Feng, Luzhao; Cfd., Silva; Ford, Karen; Francis, Emma; Gracie, Lara; Hamlyn, Joseph; Hanumunthadu, Brama; Harrison, Dominic; Hart, Trevor; Hawkins, Seth C.; Hill, Joshua A.; Howe, Evan; Howell, Nicola; Jones, Emily; Keen, Jessica; Kelly, Sinéad; Kerr, Danielle; Khan, Lubina; Kinch, Jasmin; Koleva, Stanislava; Lees, Emily A.; Lelliott, Alice; Liu, X; Marchevsky, Natalie; Marinou, Spyridoula; McEwan, J; Morey, Ella; Morshead, Gertraud; Müller, Julia; Munro, Claire; Murphy, Sheenagh; Mweu, Philomena; Nuthall, Elizabeth; O'Brien, Katherine L.; O'Connor, Dominic; O’Reilly, Peter; Oguti, Blanché; Osborne, Patricia A.; Owino, Nelly; Parker, Kenneth C.; Pfafferott, Katja; Phillips, Daniel J.; Provstgaard-Morys, Samuel; Ratcliffe, Helen; Rawlinson, Thomas A.; Rhead, Sarah; Roberts, Helen; Sanders, Kevin O.; Silva-Reyes, Laura; Rollier, Christine S.; Smith, Cynthia C.; Smith, Dominic; Stockdale, Lisa; Szigeti, Anna; Thomas, Teena; Thompson, Amber; Tomić, Adriana; Tonks, Susan; Varughese, Rachel; Verheul, Marije K.; Vichos, Iason; Walker, Linda; White, Caitlin; White, Rupert; Yao, Xichen; Conlon, Christopher P.; Frater, John; Cifuentes, Liliana; Baleanu, Ioana; Bolam, Emma; Boland, Elena; Brenner, Talma; Damratoski, Brad E.; Datta, Chandrabali; Muhanna, Omar El; Fisher, R; Galian-Rubio, Pablo; Hodges, Gina; Jackson, F. L.; Liu, S; Loew, Lisa; Morgans, Roisin; Morris, Sam; Olchawski, Vicki; Oliveria, Catarina; Parracho, Helena; Pabon, Emilia Reyes; Tahiri-Alaoui, Abdessamad; Taylor, Karen; Williams, Patricia J.; Zizi, Dalila; Arbe-Barnes, Edward H.; Baker, Peter; Batten, Alexander; Downing, Colette; Drake, Jennifer; English, Marcus Rex; Henry, Joanne; Iveson, Poppy; Killen, Annabel; King, Thomas; Jpj., Larwood; Mallett, Garry; Mansatta, Kushal; Mirtorabi, Neginsadat; Patrick-Smith, Maia; Perring, James; Radia, Kajal; Roche, Samantha; Schofield, Ella; Rtw., Naude; Towner, James; Baker, Noel; Bewley, Kevin R.; Brunt, Emily; Buttigieg, Karen; Carroll, Miles W.; Charlton, Sue; Coombes, Naomi; Elmore, Michael J.; Godwin, Kerry; Hallis, Bassam; Knott, Daniel; McInroy, Lorna; Shaik, Imam H.; Thomas, Karen; Tree, Julia A.; Blundell, Caitlin L.; Cao, Minggang; Kelly, Diane; Schmid, Annina; Skelly, Donal; Themistocleous, Andreas; Dong, Tiantian; Field, Samantha; Hamilton, Elizabeth; Kelly, Emma; Klenerman, Paul; Knight, Julian C.; Lie, Yolanda; Petropoulos, C; Sedik, Cynthia; Wrin, Terri; Meddaugh, Gretchen; Peng, Y; Screaton, G.R.; Stafford, E. E.

doi:10.1038/s41591-021-01363-0

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…The adenovirus-vector vaccine and nucleic acid vaccine are more effective in stimulating the cellular immune response ( 45 ) reflected by Th1-type immune cytokines release, while the protein subunit vaccine including the one reported here and the inactivated-virus vaccine mainly induced Th2-type immune responses. Th2-type immune response is helpful for antibody production, while its excessive and persistent activation may lead to tissue damage.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Protection of the receptor binding domain (RBD) dimer against SARS-CoV-2 and its variants

Wu,

Shi,

et al. 2023

J Virol

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The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) recombinant protein vaccines have been widely used in the real world and shown good protective effects. A vaccine prepared from the ancestral SARS-CoV-2 receptor-binding domain (RBD) homodimer was previously made a candidate in view of its effectiveness in rodents and nonhuman primates. Here, we report that the RBD homodimers of ancestral SARS-CoV-2 as well as the variant RBD dimers from the Beta, Delta, Lambda, Omicron, and Omicron sublineages, which were rapidly prepared using our universal dimeric protein platform, elicit both strong immunogenicity and good protection in vivo . The ancestral RBD vaccine was verified to provide cross-protection against the SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant from lethal challenge. A heterogeneous booster with Omicron BA.1 dimeric RBD vaccine based on a two-dose ancestral vaccine prime reduced the viral loads in Omicron BA.1 virus-challenged animals. In addition, vaccines prepared from dimeric Omicron XBB.1.5 RBD completely protected the mice from lethal challenge by Omicron XBB.1.16 and reduced the viral infection in the respiratory tract of Syrian hamsters. Thus, RBD homodimer vaccines can confer good protection against SARS-CoV-2 and its variants when used in homogeneous or heterogeneous boosting schemes. IMPORTANCE Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants achieved immune escape and became less virulent and easily transmissible through rapid mutation in the spike protein, thus the efficacy of vaccines on the market or in development continues to be challenged. Updating the vaccine, exploring compromise vaccination strategies, and evaluating the efficacy of candidate vaccines for the emerging variants in a timely manner are important to combat complex and volatile SARS-CoV-2. This study reports that vaccines prepared from the dimeric receptor-binding domain (RBD) recombinant protein, which can be quickly produced using a mature and stable process platform, had both good immunogenicity and protection in vivo and could completely protect rodents from lethal challenge by SARS-CoV-2 and its variants, including the emerging Omicron XBB.1.16, highlighting the value of dimeric recombinant vaccines in the post-COVID-19 era.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Protection of the receptor binding domain (RBD) dimer against SARS-CoV-2 and its variants

Wu,

Shi,

et al. 2023

J Virol

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“…BNT162b2 vaccine is proven to stimulate Th1 cells, while in animal models it can lead to production of IL-17 ( 9 ). After receiving the AstraZeneca-Oxford COVID-19 vaccine, an increase in the production of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interferon (IFN)-γ by CD4+ T cells was observed ( 28 ). It is known that the IL-23/IL-17 axis is essential in the immunopathogenesis of psoriasis, with TNF-α and IFN-γ being the primary pro-inflammatory signals ( 29 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serum vitamin D levels can be predictive of psoriasis flares up after COVID-19 vaccination: a retrospective case control study

Karampinis,

Goudouras,

Ntavari

et al. 2023

Front. Med.

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IntroductionMany patients with chronic inflammatory dermatosis such as psoriasis usually ask about the safety of COVID-19 vaccination and if it would affect the course of their disease. Indeed, many case reports, case series and clinical studies, reporting psoriasis exacerbation following vaccination against COVID-19, were published during the pandemic. Also, many questions arise regarding the existence of exacerbating factors of these flare ups, including environmental triggers such as the insufficiency of vitamin D levels.MethodsThis is a retrospective study that measures alterations in psoriasis activity and severity index (PASI) not exceeding 2 weeks after the first and second dose of COVID-19 vaccinations in the reported cases and assesses whether such changes have any association with patients’ vitamin D levels. We retrospectively reviewed the case records of all patients with a documented flare up after COVID-19 vaccination in our department as well as those who did not, during a year.ResultsAmong them, we found 40 psoriasis patients that had reported vitamin D levels in the form of 25-hydroxy-vitamin D within 3 weeks after vaccination, including 23 with exacerbation and 17 without exacerbation. Performing χ2 and t-test controls for psoriasis patients with and without flare-ups, a statistically significant dependence emerged in the seasons of summer [χ2(1) = 5.507, p = 0.019], spring [χ2(1) = 11.429, p = 0.001] and in the categories of vitamin D [χ2(2) = 7.932, p = 0.019], while the mean value of vitamin D for psoriasis patients who did not have exacerbation (31.14 ± 6.67 ng/mL) is statistically higher [t(38) = 3.655, p = 0.001] than the corresponding value of psoriasis patients who had an exacerbation (23.43 ± 6.49 ng/mL).DiscussionThis study indicates that psoriasis patients with insufficient (21–29 ng/mL) or inadequate (<20 ng/mL) levels of vitamin D are more prone to postvaccination aggravation of the disease while vaccination in summer, a period with the most extent photo-exposition, can be a protective factor.

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“…To address pre-existing immunity, AstraZeneca and Oxford University employed a chimpanzee adenovirus (AZD1222) to deliver the SARS-CoV-2 S gene. A single dose of AZD1222 effectively triggered a T-cell response, with a more robust antibody response observed after the second dose [66,67]. Furthermore, intranasal administration of a chimpanzee adenoviral-vectored COVID-19 vaccine (ChAd-SARS-CoV-2-BA.5-S) intranasally prompted a strong mucosal antibody response and cross-reactive memory T-cell responses [68].…”

Section: Viral Vector Vaccinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Harnessing T-Cells for Enhanced Vaccine Development against Viral Infections

Zhuang,

Zhuo,

Yuan

et al. 2024

Vaccines

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Despite significant strides in vaccine research and the availability of vaccines for many infectious diseases, the threat posed by both known and emerging infectious diseases persists. Moreover, breakthrough infections following vaccination remain a concern. Therefore, the development of novel vaccines is imperative. These vaccines must exhibit robust protective efficacy, broad-spectrum coverage, and long-lasting immunity. One promising avenue in vaccine development lies in leveraging T-cells, which play a crucial role in adaptive immunity and regulate immune responses during viral infections. T-cell recognition can target highly variable or conserved viral proteins, and memory T-cells offer the potential for durable immunity. Consequently, T-cell-based vaccines hold promise for advancing vaccine development efforts. This review delves into the latest research advancements in T-cell-based vaccines across various platforms and discusses the associated challenges.

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Author Correction: T cell and antibody responses induced by a single dose of ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (AZD1222) vaccine in a phase 1/2 clinical trial

Cited by 5 publications

References 0 publications

Protection of the receptor binding domain (RBD) dimer against SARS-CoV-2 and its variants

Protection of the receptor binding domain (RBD) dimer against SARS-CoV-2 and its variants

Serum vitamin D levels can be predictive of psoriasis flares up after COVID-19 vaccination: a retrospective case control study

Harnessing T-Cells for Enhanced Vaccine Development against Viral Infections

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