Autochthonous yeast populations from different brazilian geographic indications

Abstract

Abstract. Yeasts are versatile microorganisms which show heterogeneity in their abilities of aromatic molecules formation. The metabolic conversions may improve the production of a particular compound already formed by the microorganism or promote the production of a completely new biochemicals. These conversions depend on the environment. The microbiome of terroir is unique. If the term terroir is a set of physical properties of a vineyard that contribute to the specific characteristics of its wine, the microorganisms will undoubtedly form an integral part of this concept. There are yeasts, filamentous fungi and bacteria that can affect the quality of the wine. The aim of the present study was to identify the autochthonous yeast populations of grape berries collected from regions with Geographic Indications or under construction. The identification was carried out by an approach, combining Maldi-Tof-MS, PCR-RFLP of the internal transcribed spacer with 5.8S ribosomal DNA (rDNA) (ITS1-5.8S-ITS2) and sequences of the D1/D2 domain of the 26S rRNA gene. Some species are common to different GIs and in some of them other species are completely absent, besides some places are contiguous areas. In some areas, Hanseniaspora opuntiae, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Pichia myanmarensis and Hanseniaspora uvarum were the predominant species.

Capturing yeast associated with grapes and spontaneous fermentations of the Negro Saurí minority variety from an experimental vineyard near León

“…The biodiversity of Saccharomyces strains is proposed to be as important as that of non-Saccharomyces in the sensorial qualities of the final wine 25 . Numerous reports exist that examine the biodiversity and distribution of individual strains isolated from vineyards and spontaneous fermentations from different wine regions in Europe 9,[26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35] as well as developing wine regions including China 36 , Brazil 37,38 , India 39 and Russia 40 . Correlations have been made between the genetic diversity and agricultural practices 41 , vineyard diffusion of commercial starters 42,43 , grape variety 44,45 and geographical distances 46 .…”