Autoimmune Markers in Diabetes

Winter, William E.; Schatz, Desmond

doi:10.1373/clinchem.2010.148205

Cited by 118 publications

(106 citation statements)

References 81 publications

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“…Studies across the world have documented ICA as being the most prevalent autoimmune marker of T1DM, with a sensitivity of 70%-80% and a specificity of more than 99%. (23) We found no significant historical, phenotypic or laboratory parameters that predicted autoantibody positivity in patients clinically labelled as T2DM. The mean age of onset, BMI, waist circumference, area of acanthosis nigricans, and even HOMA-IR value of patients with T2DM who showed autoantibody positivity were statistically similar to patients with T2DM who were autoantibody-negative.…”

Section: Suzuki Et Al Have Reported Cases Of Autoimmune Insulin-contrasting

confidence: 54%

Type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus: are they mutually exclusive?

Fatima¹,

Khawaja²,

Burney³

et al. 2013

smedj

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O r i g i n a l A r tic le 396 I NTRO D U C TIO NDiabetes mellitus (DM) is classically divided into two distinct categories -type 1 and type 2 (T1DM and T2DM), which account for the majority of cases. T1DM is characterised by beta cell destruction that usually occurs in the early stages of life. This beta cell destruction is thought to be mediated by an immune response to triggering factors that are not yet clearly defined. It often results in the rapid onset of an insulin-deficient state and consequent hyperglycaemia, which is clinically evidenced by weight loss, polyuria, and sometimes, diabetic ketoacidosis. While the incidence of T1DM is higher in children and adolescents, it can occur at any age.( The conventional demarcation of DM into two distinct clinical types is challenged by patients whose phenotype does not fit into either category, even after uncommon DM types such as maturity onset diabetes of the young, latent autoimmune diabetes of adults (LADA) and rare endocrinopathies have been ruled out. Due to the existence of these overlap cases, the traditional classification of DM is now questioned, and the two types of DM are proposed to be merely two ends of a continuous spectrum. (3) There are reports of insulin resistance in patients who have apparent T1DM, (4,5) and classical type 1 autoantibodies have been detected in obese patients who phenotypically have T2DM. (6,7) These reports have led us to hypothesise that there is an overlap in the spectra of the two classical types of DM. To test this, we measured the

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Section: Suzuki Et Al Have Reported Cases Of Autoimmune Insulin-contrasting

confidence: 54%

Type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus: are they mutually exclusive?

Fatima¹,

Khawaja²,

Burney³

et al. 2013

smedj

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“…Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is strongly associated with autoantibodies (A) against zinc transporter 8 (ZnT8A), glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 (GADA), insulinoma-associated antigen-2 (IA-2A) and insulin (IAA) (reviewed in [1]). Together or alone, they are important not only for classification of diabetes at the time of clinical onset, but also for the prediction of T1D in subjects at risk [2] [3] [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuropeptide Y autoantibodies in patients with long-term type 1 and type 2 diabetes and neuropathy

Skärstrand

Dahlin

Lernmark

et al. 2013

Journal of Diabetes and its Complications

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Neuropeptide Y autoantibodies in patients with long-term type 1 and type 2 diabetes and neuropathy. Link to publication Citation for published version (APA): Skärstrand, H., Dahlin, L. B., Lernmark, Å., & Vaziri Sani, F. (2013). Neuropeptide Y autoantibodies in patients with long-term type 1 and type 2 diabetes and neuropathy. Journal of Diabetes and its Complications, 27(6), 609-617. DOI: 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2013 General rights Copyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the public portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights.• Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the public portal for the purpose of private study or research.• You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain • You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the public portal Presented at meetingPresented in part as a poster at the 12 th Immunology of Diabetes Society (IDS) conference June [15][16][17][18][19] 2012 in Victoria, BC, Canada. Printed in the meeting abstract book on page 140. AbstractAims: The neurotransmitter Neuropeptide Y (NPY) was previously reported as a minor autoantigen in newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes (T1D) patients. The single nucleotide polymorphism at rs16139 (T1128C, L7P) in the NPY gene was associated with an increased risk for the development of type 2 diabetes (T2D). We aimed to develop a radiobinding assay for NPY-L (Leucine) and NPY-P (Proline) autoantibodies (A) to study the levels and the association with other islet autoantibodies and neuropathy. Methods: Autoantibodies against NPY-L, NPY-P, ZnT8, GAD65 and IA-2 were studied in T1D (n=48) and T2D (n=26) patients with duration up to 42 and 31 years. A subgroup of T1D (n=32) patients re-examined, 5-8 years after first visit, were tested for peripheral (Z-score) and autonomic neuropathy (E/I ratio). Results: NPY-LA and NPY-PA were detected in 23% and 19% in T1D (p<0.001), and 12% and 23% in T2D patients (p<0.001) compared to 2.5% controls (n=398). The levels of NPYA declined during follow-up in the T1D patients (p<0.001). The neuropathy was not related to the NPYA or the other islet autoantibodies. Conclusions: Regardless of the absence of an association between NPYA and neuropathy, NPY may contribute to the pathogenesis of T1D and T2D as a minor autoantigen.

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“…P atients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) are at increased risk for other autoimmune disorders, such as autoimmune thyroid disease (ATD), celiac disease and Addison's disease (1)(2)(3). The most prevalent autoimmune disease in patients with T1DM is ATD.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thyroid disorders are common in first-degree relatives of individuals with type 1 diabetes mellitus

Araújo

Barone

Melleti

et al. 2015

Arch. Endocrinol. Metab.

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Objective: Thyroid diseases are common in individuals with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and should be investigated annually in these individuals. The aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency of thyroid diseases in first degree relatives (FDR) of patients with T1DM. Subjects and me thods: Eighty individuals (40 patients with T1DM and 40 FDR) were interviewed and blood was sampled for thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), free thyroxine (FT4) and thyroid peroxidase (TPO) antibodies measurement. Autoantibodies against glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 (GAD65), islet antigen-2 (IA2) and autoantibodies against insulin (AAI) were measured in FDR. Results: We found a similar prevalence of thyroid dysfunction in patients with T1DM and their FDR (22.5% vs. 27.5%; p = 0,79). There were no differences in serum TSH levels (p = 0.29), FT4 (p = 0,45), frequency of abnormal TSH (p = 0.28), positive TPO antibodies (p = 0.13), titers of TPO antibodies (in positive cases) between patients with T1DM and their FDR (p = 0.94). Conclusions: Thyroid abnormalities seem to be common not only in patients with T1DM but also in their FDR, which suggests that screening strategies for thyroid diseases might also be useful to these individuals. Arch Endocrinol Metab. 2015;59(2):112-5

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Autoimmune Markers in Diabetes

Cited by 118 publications

References 81 publications

Type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus: are they mutually exclusive?

Type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus: are they mutually exclusive?

Neuropeptide Y autoantibodies in patients with long-term type 1 and type 2 diabetes and neuropathy

Thyroid disorders are common in first-degree relatives of individuals with type 1 diabetes mellitus

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