Automated control system of drip irrigation and mathematical modeling

Abstract

In this article, the theoretical and methodological foundations for the use of an automated control system for drip irrigation of crops are considered. The analyzed system is automated through integration, which allows controlling the entire irrigation process through a control device with controllers, shows the main elements of the drip irrigation system that carry out complete controlling and the procedure for moistening the soil and fertilizing, presents a functional diagram of the automated system for regulating soil moisture, as well as pressure in the pipeline, mathematical modeling of water consumption of crops under drip and combined irrigation is considered, the influencing factors that require regulation, which will ensure the management of plant development are shown. The complexity of the simulated system “Plant-moisture-soil-atmosphere-solar radiation” and its subsystems are explained by a large number of interrelated factors of various nature and requires the construction of numerical schemes, computer simulation using various computer programs.

Luminescence of neutron-irradiated quartz crystals

“…It was found that in the spectra of PL, GL and TL SiO2 crystals with Ge and Al impurities, a band of luminescence with a maximum of 680 nm (λe = 380 nm) is observed.It is assumed that it is caused by the recombination of electrons with a hole trapped on the oxygen atom of an impurity germanium tetrahedron. In [13][14][15][16][17], the structure of disordered regions observed in [13] was investigated and it was assumed that their structure is not vitreous. Apparently, there are several varieties of non-bridge oxygen atoms in quartz crystals.…”