Automated Scanning Probe Lithography with <i>n</i>-Alkanethiol Self-Assembled Monolayers on Au(111): Application for Teaching Undergraduate Laboratories

Brown, Thomas A. D.; LeJeune, Zorabel M.; Liu, Kai; Hardin, Sean; Li, Jie Ren; Rupnik, K.; Garno, Jayne C.

doi:10.1016/j.jala.2010.06.003

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 86 publications

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“…The patterning outcome is influenced by factors such as tip shape and diameter, contact duration, force between the tip and the substrate, substrate thermal conductivity, and activation energy [ 145 , 146 ]. Other SPL methods include dip-pen scanning probe lithography [ 147 , 148 ], mechanical SPL [ 149 , 150 ] and oxidation SPL [ 151 , 152 ].…”

Section: Conventional Lithographic Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in lithographic techniques for precision nanostructure fabrication in biomedical applications

Stokes,

Clark,

Odetade

et al. 2023

Discover Nano

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Nano-fabrication techniques have demonstrated their vital importance in technological innovation. However, low-throughput, high-cost and intrinsic resolution limits pose significant restrictions, it is, therefore, paramount to continue improving existing methods as well as developing new techniques to overcome these challenges. This is particularly applicable within the area of biomedical research, which focuses on sensing, increasingly at the point-of-care, as a way to improve patient outcomes. Within this context, this review focuses on the latest advances in the main emerging patterning methods including the two-photon, stereo, electrohydrodynamic, near-field electrospinning-assisted, magneto, magnetorheological drawing, nanoimprint, capillary force, nanosphere, edge, nano transfer printing and block copolymer lithographic technologies for micro- and nanofabrication. Emerging methods enabling structural and chemical nano fabrication are categorised along with prospective chemical and physical patterning techniques. Established lithographic techniques are briefly outlined and the novel lithographic technologies are compared to these, summarising the specific advantages and shortfalls alongside the current lateral resolution limits and the amenability to mass production, evaluated in terms of process scalability and cost. Particular attention is drawn to the potential breakthrough application areas, predominantly within biomedical studies, laying the platform for the tangible paths towards the adoption of alternative developing lithographic technologies or their combination with the established patterning techniques, which depends on the needs of the end-user including, for instance, tolerance of inherent limits, fidelity and reproducibility.

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Section: Conventional Lithographic Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in lithographic techniques for precision nanostructure fabrication in biomedical applications

Stokes,

Clark,

Odetade

et al. 2023

Discover Nano

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“…23 The AFM can also be used to change the chemistry of surfaces through nanolithography techniques. 24 Since AFM has been used by the National Institute of Standards and Technology to measure nanoparticles, 25 we decided to use this technique for students to measure the AuNPs that they produced. There are now a number of inexpensive scanning probe microscopes on the market for educational institutions.…”

Section: Scanning Probe Microscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Currently, SPM techniques are used for everything from imaging atomic defects, visualizing microbes, and detecting the difference in chemical properties for self-assembled monolayers . The AFM can also be used to change the chemistry of surfaces through nanolithography techniques . Since AFM has been used by the National Institute of Standards and Technology to measure nanoparticles, we decided to use this technique for students to measure the AuNPs that they produced.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Counting Gold: Using Atomic Force Microscopy to Characterize Gold Nanoparticles

2022

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Nanotechnology has been recognized as an important driver of the future economy, and so nanoscience is increasingly being incorporated into the undergraduate chemistry curriculum. This experiment includes the chemical synthesis, optical and chemical testing, and microscopic imaging of gold nanoparticles. Since nanoparticles are too small to measure with optical microscopy, this lab introduces students to atomic force microscopy (AFM). AFM is much more affordable than transmission electron microscopy (TEM). With AFM in dynamic mode, nanoparticles deposited onto a flat surface can be counted and measured with almost the same accuracy as TEM. The vast majority of the thousands of students whom we have taught experience success with this experiment. Introductory students (nonscience majors and general chemistry) work in small groups and experience hands-on demonstrations of the AFM instrument. At the advanced level, we have implemented this experiment in a "flipped" lab. For both student populations, we demonstrate an increase in enthusiasm for science and an understanding of nanotechnology.

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“…Scanning probe microscopy (SPM) has increasingly become integrated in undergraduate laboratories and research activities. − However, it can be challenging to find very small samples for SPM studies to provide an interesting “hands-on” experience with nanoscience. We have found that undergraduates can easily prepare nanostructures of organosilanes on surfaces using lab protocols based on particle lithography to demonstrate chemistry reactions at the nanoscale.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation of Octadecyltrichlorosilane Nanopatterns Using Particle Lithography: An Atomic Force Microscopy Laboratory

2017

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Experiments are described that involve undergraduates learning concepts of nanoscience and chemistry. Students prepare nanopatterns of organosilane films using protocols of particle lithography. A few basic techniques are needed to prepare samples, such as centrifuging, mixing, heating, and drying. Students obtain hands-on skills with nanoscale imaging using an atomic force microscope (AFM) when they learn to characterize samples. Designed surfaces are made using a surface mask of latex or silica spheres to generate nanopatterns of organosilanes. An organic thin film is applied to the substrate using steps of either heated vapor deposition or immersion in solution. The steps for preparing samples are not complicated; however, the nanostructures that are produced by particle lithography are exquisitely regular in geometry and surface arrangement. At the molecular level, two types of sample morphology can be made depending on the step for depositing organosilanes. Ring-shaped nanostructures are produced with heated vapor deposition through a particle mask, and nanoholes are produced within a matrix film using immersion of masked substrates. Experience with advanced AFM instrumentation is obtained for data acquisition, digital image processing, and analysis. Skills with chemical analysis are gained with bench methods of sample preparation. Concepts such as the organization of molecules on surfaces and molecular self-assembly are demonstrated with the visualization of nanopatterns prepared by students. Experiments with particle lithography can be used as a laboratory module or for undergraduate research projects, and are suitable for students with a multidisciplinary science background.

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Automated Scanning Probe Lithography with n-Alkanethiol Self-Assembled Monolayers on Au(111): Application for Teaching Undergraduate Laboratories

Cited by 9 publications

References 86 publications

Advances in lithographic techniques for precision nanostructure fabrication in biomedical applications

Advances in lithographic techniques for precision nanostructure fabrication in biomedical applications

Counting Gold: Using Atomic Force Microscopy to Characterize Gold Nanoparticles

Preparation of Octadecyltrichlorosilane Nanopatterns Using Particle Lithography: An Atomic Force Microscopy Laboratory

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