“…There are many reports of research on automatic estimation of singing characteristics from audio signals: characteristics such as voice category (e.g., soprano or alto) [6,7], gender [8][9][10], age [10], body size [10], race [10], vocal register [11], singing modeling (F0, power, and spectral envelope) [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19], breath sound [20,21], singing skill [6,7,[22][23][24][25], enthusiasm [26], F 0 dynamics and musical genres [27], and the language of the lyrics [28][29][30][31] have been previously proposed. The above previous works, however, have not revealed latent topics that are shared by different singing voices.…”