Automatic Intra-/Extra-Dimensional Attentional Set-Shifting Task in Adolescent Mice

Ciampoli, Mariasole; Scheggia, Diego; Papaleo, Francesco

doi:10.3389/fnbeh.2021.704684

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Intra-dimensional and extra-dimensional shifts with more than two rules As a proof of concept, we provide a quantification of our participants across different types of set-shifting behaviors, namely intra-and extra-dimensional shifts (Shnitko et al, 2017;Ciampoli et al, 2021;Weiss et al, 2021), known to be associated with different areas of the frontal cortex in primates (Dias et al, 1996b;Hampshire and Owen, 2006;Robbins, 2007). To the best of our knowledge, studies with non-human primates in which intra-and extradimensional shifts are compared with each other, make use of paradigms in which it is not possible to dissociate a rule switch from a reversal (Shnitko et al, 2017).…”

Section: General Engagement Level With Cage-based Cognitive Assessmen...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing cognitive flexibility in humans and rhesus macaques with visual motion and neutral distractors

et al. 2022

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IntroductionCognitive flexibility is the ability of an individual to make behavioral adjustments in response to internal and/or external changes. While it has been reported in a wide variety of species, established paradigms to assess cognitive flexibility vary between humans and non-human animals, making systematic comparisons difficult to interpret.MethodsWe developed a computer-based paradigm to assess cognitive flexibility in humans and non-human primates. Our paradigm (1) uses a classical reversal learning structure in combination with a set-shifting approach (4 stimuli and 3 rules) to assess flexibility at various levels; (2) it employs the use of motion as one of three possible contextual rules; (3) it comprises elements that allow a foraging-like and random interaction, i.e., instances where the animals operate the task without following a strategy, to potentially minimize frustration in favor of a more positive engagement.Results and DiscussionWe show that motion can be used as a feature dimension (in addition to commonly used shape and color) to assess cognitive flexibility. Due to the way motion is processed in the primate brain, we argue that this dimension is an ideal candidate in situations where a non-binary rule set is needed and where participants might not be able to fully grasp other visual information of the stimulus (e.g., quantity in Wisconsin Card Sorting Test). All participants in our experiment flexibly shifted to and from motion-based rules as well as color- and shape-based rules, but did so with different proficiencies. Overall, we believe that with such approach it is possible to better characterize the evolution of cognitive flexibility in primates, as well as to develop more efficient tools to diagnose and treat various executive function deficits.

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Section: General Engagement Level With Cage-based Cognitive Assessmen...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing cognitive flexibility in humans and rhesus macaques with visual motion and neutral distractors

et al. 2022

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“… 20 , 21 ), genetic engineering approaches targeting relevant molecular pathways (e.g. 22 , 23 ), and environmental manipulations aimed at altering specific neurotransmitters (e.g. 24 , 25 ), to name a few.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Automation at the service of the study of executive functions in preclinical models

Zoratto,

Pisa,

Soldati

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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Cognitive flexibility involves the capability to switch between different perspectives and implement novel strategies upon changed circumstances. The Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (in humans) and the Attentional Set-Shifting Task (ASST, in rodents) evaluate individual capability to acquire a reward-associated rule and subsequently disregard it in favour of a new one. Both tasks entail consecutive stages wherein subjects discriminate between: two stimuli of a given category (simple discrimination, SD); the stimuli of SD confounded by an irrelevant stimulus of a different category (compound discrimination, CD); different stimuli belonging to the SD category (intradimensional shift, IDS); and two stimuli of the confounding category (extradimensional shift, EDS). The ASST is labour intensive, not sufficiently standardised, and prone to experimental error. Here, we tested the validity of a new, commercially available, automated version of ASST (OPERON) in two independent experiments conducted in: different mouse strains (C57BL/6 and CD1 mice) to confirm their differential cognitive capabilities (Experiment 1); and an experimental model of chronic stress (administration of corticosterone in the drinking water; Experiment 2). In both experiments, OPERON confirmed the findings obtained through the manual version. Just as in Experiment 1 both versions captured the deficit of C57BL/6 mice on the reversal of the CD (CDR), so also in Experiment 2 they provided analogous evidence that corticosterone treated mice have a remarkable impairment in the IDS. Thus, OPERON capitalises upon automated phenotyping to overcome the limitation of the manual version of the ASST while providing comparable results.

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Alcohol, flexible behavior, and the prefrontal cortex: Functional changes underlying impaired cognitive flexibility

Nippert,

Rowland,

Vazey

et al. 2024

Neuropharmacology

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Automatic Intra-/Extra-Dimensional Attentional Set-Shifting Task in Adolescent Mice

Cited by 5 publications

References 45 publications

Assessing cognitive flexibility in humans and rhesus macaques with visual motion and neutral distractors

Assessing cognitive flexibility in humans and rhesus macaques with visual motion and neutral distractors

Automation at the service of the study of executive functions in preclinical models

Alcohol, flexible behavior, and the prefrontal cortex: Functional changes underlying impaired cognitive flexibility

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