“…A gripper has two main states: grip and release, which can effectively achieve some simple operations, such as grasping, 10,73 transportation, 8,28 assembling, 10,74 and perching. [75][76][77] However, a gripper generally needs to be specifically designed for a certain purpose to suit different object shapes, surface textures, materials, and weights. In addition, there are some key specific requirements for the gripper 8 University of Pennsylvania, 10 Utah State University, 73 ETH Zurich, 74 Johns Hopkins University, 75 University of Utah.…”