Autonomy as a Way Out of Crisis?

Abstract

In a globalized world, the borders should play a lesser role. The independent states are becoming less and less independent and more dependent on international co-existence, but, paradoxically, the interest for independence is increasing and resulting in a fragmented world. Facing the threat of fragmentation, other forms of living together must be analyzed. Instead of hastily declaring independence, there is a need for an alternative. Autonomy is often seen as too little or too much, depending on if it is viewed by the minority or majority. Some states consider it as just a step toward independence, and therefore unacceptable as an alternative. In this respect, the autonomous statute of the Å land Islands, tailor-made by the League of Nations in 1921, and resulting co-existence with Finland for almost 80 years should be analyzed. In this article, I have tried to describe the co-habitation between Finland and the Å land Islands. Can it serve as an example for settling disputes in other parts of the world, and what are the conclusions we can draw from it?