Autopsy Findings and Causality Relationship between Death and COVID-19 Vaccination: A Systematic Review

Sessa, Francesco; Salerno, Monica; Esposito, Massimiliano; Nunno, Nunzio Di; Zamboni, Paolo; Pomara, Cristoforo

doi:10.3390/jcm10245876

Cited by 48 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…However, following some severe adverse events, a growing lack of confidence developed in many European countries, slowing down the worldwide vaccination program [ 98 , 99 ]. Similar to the case of the definition of the main pathophysiological aspects of the SARS-CoV-2 infection, post-mortem investigations have been instrumental in identifying the cause of death in fatal cases following vaccine administration [ 100 , 101 , 102 , 103 ]. Autopsy has also become crucial in establishing the causality relationship between vaccine administration and fatal adverse events [ 104 ].…”

Section: The Scovid-19 Pandemic and Its Impact On Forensic Investigat...mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Practice of Forensic Medicine: An Overview

et al. 2022

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During the COVID-19 pandemic, forensic sciences, on the one hand, contributed to gaining knowledge about different aspects of the pandemic, while on the other hand, forensic professionals were called on to quickly adapt their activities to respond adequately to the changes imposed by the pandemic. This review aims to clarify the state of the art in forensic medicine at the time of COVID-19, discussing the following: the influence of external factors on forensic activities, the impact of autopsy practice on COVID-19 and vice-versa, the persistence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in post-mortem samples, forensic personnel activities during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, the global vaccination program and forensic sciences, forensic undergraduate education during and after the imposed COVID-19 lockdown, and the medico-legal implications in medical malpractice claims during the COVID-19 pandemic. The COVID-19 pandemic has greatly influenced different aspects of human life, and, accordingly, the practical activities of forensic sciences that are defined as multidisciplinary, involving different expertise. Indeed, the activities are very different, including crime scene investigation (CSI), external examination, autopsy, and genetic and toxicological examinations of tissues and/or biological fluids. At the same time, forensic professionals may have direct contact with subjects in life, such as in the case of abuse victims (in some cases involving children), collecting biological samples from suspects, or visiting subjects in the case of physical examinations. In this scenario, forensic professionals are called on to implement methods to prevent the SARS-CoV-2 infection risk, wearing adequate PPE, and working in environments with a reduced risk of infection. Consequently, in the pandemic era, the costs involved for forensic sciences were substantially increased.

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Section: The Scovid-19 Pandemic and Its Impact On Forensic Investigat...mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Practice of Forensic Medicine: An Overview

et al. 2022

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“…Finally, vaccination could also be a useful tool to prevent the spread of COVID-19 infection in prisons. In fact, to date, vaccination is the most effective means of prevention and treatment against COVID-19, reducing incidence, morbidity, hospitalization, and mortality [ 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 ]. However, studies on the effectiveness of the vaccination campaign in prisons are few and hopefully will be implemented in the future.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Risk of COVID-19 Infection in Prisons and Prevention Strategies: A Systematic Review and a New Strategic Protocol of Prevention

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Health risks within prisons are well known and have worsened with the 2019 coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19), becoming a public health emergency. To date, there are more than 10 million inmates in the world; in most cases, conditions are bad and health care is scarce. A SARS-CoV-2 outbreak inside a prison is extremely rapid. The aim of this systematic review was to analyze all possible prevention techniques to reduce the risk of COVID-19 related infection within prisons. A systematic review of the literature was performed according to the PRISMA guidelines. Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, and Google Scholar were used as search engines from 1 January 2020 to 1 November 2021 to evaluate the prevention of COVID-19 in prisoners. A total of 1757 articles were collected. Of them, 486 duplicates were removed. A total of 1250 articles did not meet the inclusion criteria. In conclusion, 21 articles were included in the present systematic review. From this analysis, it emerged that the most common COVID-19 prevention methods were the screening of the entire population (prisoners and workers) inside the prison through swab analysis and the reduction in overcrowding in prisons. Few studies concerned the prevention of COVID-19 infection through vaccination and the implementation of quarantine. To our knowledge, this is the first systematic review that evaluates the prevention of COVID-19 within jails and the real effectiveness of all possible methods used and published in the literature. Finally, a very useful strategic protocol is provided to reduce the incidence of infection and to control and manage COVID-19 in prisons.

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“…In these countries, vaccine acceptance was positively associated with COVID-19 knowledge and threat regarding COVID-19. However, as information that COVID-19 vaccine-induced death spread within communities [ 38 ], a study indicated a low-risk perception of COVID-19 among Sub-Sahara Africans [ 39 ]. Therefore, fear of adverse effects from vaccines “makes sense”.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insights into Predictors of Vaccine Hesitancy and Promoting Factors in Childhood Immunization Programs—A Cross-Sectional Survey in Cameroon

Ngandjon

Läengler

Ostermann

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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Background: Vaccination is claimed to be a key intervention against the COVID-19 pandemic. A major challenge today is to increase vaccine acceptance as vaccine hesitancy has delayed the eradication of polio. This study aimed to identify predictors associated with vaccine acceptance in the context of the Expanded Program on Immunization among parents of children between the ages of 12 to 23 months in the Foumbot district, Cameroon. Methods: The design of this study is a cross-sectional survey. A total of 160 mothers of children between the ages of 12 to 23 months were selected using a simple random sampling technique. A pre-tested structured questionnaire was used for data collection. Incomplete vaccination status was considered “vaccine hesitancy”. Data was analyzed along with 95% confidence intervals and the p-value < 0.05. The results showed 60% vaccine acceptance and 40% vaccine hesitancy. Factors such as age-appropriate vaccination, knowledge of vaccine-preventable diseases (VPD), and religion were associated with vaccine acceptance. Conclusion: Poor knowledge of VPDs is a matter of concern as it contributes to vaccine hesitancy. The study findings provide the basis to heighten health education, the public perceived threat of the VPDs, and the consequences if no measures are taken to ensure health.

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Autopsy Findings and Causality Relationship between Death and COVID-19 Vaccination: A Systematic Review

Cited by 48 publications

References 44 publications

The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Practice of Forensic Medicine: An Overview

The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Practice of Forensic Medicine: An Overview

The Risk of COVID-19 Infection in Prisons and Prevention Strategies: A Systematic Review and a New Strategic Protocol of Prevention

Insights into Predictors of Vaccine Hesitancy and Promoting Factors in Childhood Immunization Programs—A Cross-Sectional Survey in Cameroon

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