Availability and Feasibility of Renewable Resources for Electricity Generation in the Arctic: The Cases of Longyearbyen, Maniitsoq, and Kotzebue

Abstract

Currently, the dominant energy source for electricity generation in the Arctic is diesel, which is well proven for Arctic conditions. However, diesel is expensive in the Arctic, often due to long and complicated fuel transportation routes, and so inhabitants of Arctic communities can face high electricity costs. This paper investigates whether renewable energy resources can be harvested in a feasible and cost-competitive manner. The paper highlights which renewable energy resources are generally available in the Arctic and analyzes how renewable resources, such as hydropower, wind, and photovoltaics, can be used. Furthermore, we present three specific case studies to provide in-depth insight. A simulation with different energy generation scenarios using different renewable energy sources and penetration levels was performed for each case. The results indicate that renewables can be a cost-competitive option and that the optimal mix of renewables varies for different communities. Stakeholders and experts from the case study communities were also interviewed and their responses indicated a general acceptance of renewables.

Biofuel Technologies and Petroleum Industry: Synergy of Sustainable Development for the Eastern Siberian Arctic

“…The importance of addressing interrelated issues in this direction occurs due to the problem of a reliable energy supply in the developing northern and Arctic territories. Strategic guidelines for sustainable energy development are interesting and are identified and traced in the strategies of the countries of the Arctic region group: Russia, Canada, the USA, and Scandinavian countries [7][8][9]. This largely explains the particular importance of energy security, as expressed in the declaration of international organizations and regional associations, as well as in national energy strategies and laws.…”

Simulation of Pathways toward Low-Carbon Electricity Generation in the Arctic

“…Renewable energy sources have demonstrated significant potential to reduce energy costs [5], and the feasibility of their use for electricity generation under Arctic conditions has been demonstrated [5][6][7]. However, the energy transition process is likely to be exceptionally challenging because of the harsh climate and remoteness of the area, in addition to financing difficulties.…”