Avaliação do consumo alimentar de crianças pertencentes a uma creche filantrópica na Ilha de Paquetá, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil

Abstract

OBJETIVOS: comparar o consumo alimentar de pré-escolares, pertencentes a uma creche filantrópica, em dois períodos (no ato da matrícula e após seis meses), com base na proposta da Pirâmide Alimentar Infantil Norte-Americana e através do Índice de Alimentação Saudável (IAS). MÉTODOS: relativamente à avaliação dietética, foi utilizada a história alimentar da criança com o responsável, no ato da matrícula; após seis meses de frequência da criança, utilizou-se o método de pesagem de alimentos (na creche) e registro alimentar (na residência). Posteriormente, compararam-se as médias das porções consumidas nos dois períodos, de cada grupo alimentar, utilizando o teste "t" Student, a fim de se verificar a diferença estatística entre os grupos. Considerou-se o nível de significância de 5%. Igualmente, avaliou-se o IAS, nos dois períodos. RESULTADOS: observou-se uma diferença significativa (p<0,05) entre a média das porções de frutas e vegetais, com base na Pirâmide Alimentar Americana, e um escore satisfatório do Índice de Alimentação Saudável, após seis meses de frequência da criança na creche. CONCLUSÕES: a freqüência à creche parece trazer benefícios para a nutrição de crianças pertencentes à estratos socioeconômicos menos favorecidos.

Sources of variation in energy and nutrient intakes among children from six to thirty months old in a population-based study

“…In addition, most studies of the child population are usually held in public health institutions and at nursery schools 14,15,16,17,18 and few population-based studies have been conducted in recent years 19,20,21,22 .…”

Aspectos metodológicos da avaliação da qualidade da dieta no Brasil: revisão sistemática

“…When analyzing the study outcomes and index scores, two studies did not include them 18,19 and 15 studies did not analyze them [11][12][13][14][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30] . Study outcomes and index scores were found in 28 studies: seven of these evaluated the relationship of the index with socioeconomic and demographic factors and food items 17,[31][32][33][34][35][36] ; eight studies evaluated the relationship with socioeconomic factors and health [37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44] ; five studies evaluated the relationship with health outcomes [45][46][47][48][49] ; four studies evaluated the relationship with nutrients [50][51][52][53] ; two studies evaluated the relationship with some type of intervention 15,54 ; one study evaluated the relationship with nutrients and food items 55 ; and one study evaluated the relationship with socioeconomic and demographic factors …”

“…Regarding dietary surveys, 36 studies (80%) used a 24-hour recall; three used a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ); one study used food history; and five studies used more than one food survey. Barbosa et al 20 used food history, direct food weighing and food registration; Domene et al 31 used direct food weighing and 24-hour recall; Sampaio 13 …”

“…Some researchers use the term Healthy Eating Index [13][14][15][18][19][20][21]23,24,[27][28][29][30][31]33,34,[36][37][38]40,42,[45][46][47]50,[52][53][54] , while other studies refer to the Dietary Quality Index 11,12,17,22,25,26,32,35,39,41,43,44,48,49,51,55,56 . Some authors referred to using the Dietary Quality Index when they published in Brazilian journals and the Healthy Eating Index when they published in international journals, reinforcing the lack of standardization in relation to nomenclatures regarding indices.…”

“…Regarding the separation of the individual factors used in food preparation, 60% of the studies (n = 27) did not mention this factor; 40% (n = 18) mentioned that they did, but only five of them cited the instrument used to breakdown recipies 20,27,32,35,55 .…”