Avant-Garde and Criticism

Beekman, Klaus; Vries, Joshua de

doi:10.1163/9789401203982

Cited by 1 publication

(2 citation statements)

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“…However, compared to micro-columnar scintillation crystals, the resolution that can be obtained with optically transparent scintillators is limited because of the larger width of the light spread on the EMCCD. This can be partly overcome by the use of a detection algorithm that takes into account the interaction-depth-dependent light spread (Miller et al 2006, Korevaar et al 2009a, 2011 or by shaping the scintillators such that depth-of-interaction distortions are reduced (Beekman 2007, Korevaar et al 2009b.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Using slow scintillators at these rates, the PMT signals would suffer from pulse pile-up, deteriorating the energy and spatial resolution of the camera. However, for a pre-clinical multi-pinhole setup with a large number of EMCCD-based gamma cameras (Beekman andVastenhouw 2004, Rentmeester et al 2007), only a few events per frame will typically be present at a frame rate of 50 Hz (this frame rate is limited by the pixel readout rate of the CCD). Although the incident light is integrated for every frame, EMCCD-based gamma cameras can nevertheless detect and characterize multiple scintillation events simultaneously as long as their signals do not spatially overlap significantly.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Experimental comparison of high-density scintillators for EMCCD-based gamma ray imaging

Heemskerk¹,

Kreuger²,

Goorden³

et al. 2012

Phys. Med. Biol.

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Detection of x-rays and gamma rays with high spatial resolution can be achieved with scintillators that are optically coupled to electron-multiplying charge-coupled devices (EMCCDs). These can be operated at typical frame rates of 50 Hz with low noise. In such a set-up, scintillation light within each frame is integrated after which the frame is analyzed for the presence of scintillation events. This method allows for the use of scintillator materials with relatively long decay times of a few milliseconds, not previously considered for use in photon-counting gamma cameras, opening up an unexplored range of dense scintillators. In this paper, we test CdWO₄ and transparent polycrystalline ceramics of Lu₂O₃:Eu and (Gd,Lu)₂O₃:Eu as alternatives to currently used CsI:Tl in order to improve the performance of EMCCD-based gamma cameras. The tested scintillators were selected for their significantly larger cross-sections at 140 keV ((99m)Tc) compared to CsI:Tl combined with moderate to good light yield. A performance comparison based on gamma camera spatial and energy resolution was done with all tested scintillators having equal (66%) interaction probability at 140 keV. CdWO₄, Lu₂O₃:Eu and (Gd,Lu)₂O₃:Eu all result in a significantly improved spatial resolution over CsI:Tl, albeit at the cost of reduced energy resolution. Lu₂O₃:Eu transparent ceramic gives the best spatial resolution: 65 µm full-width-at-half-maximum (FWHM) compared to 147 µm FWHM for CsI:Tl. In conclusion, these 'slow' dense scintillators open up new possibilities for improving the spatial resolution of EMCCD-based scintillation cameras.

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