Avenel and Varoquaux Respond

Avenel, O.; Varoquaux, E.

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.57.921

Cited by 38 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…The Josephson effect [10,11] is one of the prime examples of macroscopic quantum effects, displaying directly the broken symmetry associated with the relative phase of two weakly coupled condensates [12]. In superconductors it is a rather standard phenomenon, in contrast to Bose condensed systems, where it has first been observed by Avenel and Varoquaux in superfluid 4 He [13]. For dilute atomic gases, coherent oscillations have been seen in driven two component BECs [14] and in vertical arrays of traps of an optical lattice [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Josephson tunneling between weakly interacting Bose-Einstein condensates

Meier¹,

Zwerger²

2001

Phys. Rev. A

131

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Based on a tunneling Hamiltonian description, we calculate the Josephson, normal and interference currents between two Bose-Einstein condensates described by the Bogoliubov theory. The dominant Josephson term is of first order in the tunneling with a critical current density proportional to the ground state pressure. In contrast to superconductors, the normal current remains finite at zero temperature. We discuss the dynamics of the relative phase in a semiclassical approximation derived from an exact functional integral approach, which includes the interaction effects at fixed total particle number. It is shown that the normal current leads to a damping of the Josephson oscillations and, at long times, eliminates the macroscopic quantum self trapping predicted by Smerzi et.al. Finally we give estimates for an experimental realization of Josephson tunneling in cold atomic gases, which indicate that coherent transfer of atoms might be realized with a $^{23}$Na condensate.Comment: 13 pages, 5 figures, RevTeX, largely extended version of earlier manuscrip

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Josephson tunneling between weakly interacting Bose-Einstein condensates

Meier¹,

Zwerger²

2001

Phys. Rev. A

131

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“…For neutral superfluid He II, voltage drives, tunnel junctions, or capacitive charges are absent. The only accessible Josephson analogue [12] involves two He II baths connected by a sub-micron orifice, at which vortex phase-slips [13] support a chemical potential (height) difference, through the Josephson frequency relation.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantum Coherent Atomic Tunneling between Two Trapped Bose-Einstein Condensates

Smerzi¹,

Fantoni

Giovanazzi³

et al. 1997

Phys. Rev. Lett.

1,284

1,897

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We study the coherent atomic tunneling between two zero-temperature BoseEinstein condensates (BEC) confined in a double-well magnetic trap. TwoGross-Pitaevskii equations for the self-interacting BEC amplitudes, coupled by a transfer matrix element, describe the dynamics in terms of the inter-well phase-difference and population imbalance. In addition to the anharmonic generalization of the familiar ac Josephson effect and plasma oscillations occurring in superconductor junctions, the non-linear BEC tunneling dynamics sustains a self-maintained population imbalance: a novel "macroscopic quantum self-trapping effect".

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“…The Josephson effect is a macroscopic coherent phenomenon which has been observed in systems as diverse as superconductors, 1 superfluid Helium, 2 Bose-Einstein condensates in trapped ultracold atomic gases. 3 Since Josephson oscillations appear naturally when two spatially separated macroscopic wave functions are weakly coupled, they have been predicted for bosonic excitations in solids as well, such as polaritons 4,5 and excitons.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Josephson oscillations between exciton condensates in electrostatic traps

Rontani¹,

Sham

2009

Phys. Rev. B

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Technological advances allow for tunable lateral confinement of cold dipolar excitons in coupled quantum wells. We consider theoretically the Josephson effect between exciton condensates in two traps separated by a weak link. The flow of the exciton supercurrent is driven by the dipole-energy difference between the traps. The Josephson oscillations may be observed after ensemble average of the time correlation of photons separately emitted from the two traps. The fringe visibility is controlled by the trap coupling and is robust against quantum and thermal fluctuations.

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Avenel and Varoquaux Respond

Cited by 38 publications

References 3 publications

Josephson tunneling between weakly interacting Bose-Einstein condensates

Josephson tunneling between weakly interacting Bose-Einstein condensates

Quantum Coherent Atomic Tunneling between Two Trapped Bose-Einstein Condensates

Josephson oscillations between exciton condensates in electrostatic traps

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