Avoidance Learning Across the Menstrual Cycle: A Conceptual Replication

Diekhof, Esther K.; Korf, Sina; Ott, Franziska; Schädlich, Carolin; Holtfrerich, Sarah K. C.

doi:10.3389/fendo.2020.00231

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…The CC of all investigated species here synthesize one or more endogenous peptide that belongs to the AKH peptide family. In the case of heterologous injections, a positive adipokinetic or hypertrehalosemic response means that either the donor species contains exactly the same peptide(s) as the acceptor species or that the AKH receptor of the acceptor species recognizes a slightly modified peptide -this is not unusual for AKH receptors as, for example, structure activity studies with H. eson show (Marco and Gäde, 2019). In the case of A. horta this species has higher concentrations of carbohydrates than lipids in its hemolymph at rest which may be a hint that metabolism is carbohydrate-based since a correlation between the most abundant fuel substrate in an insect and the preferred utilization of a fuel was previously shown in insects (Gäde et al, 2004).…”

Section: Presence Of Akh Peptides In Select Lepidoptera Species and Pmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unique Members of the Adipokinetic Hormone Family in Butterflies and Moths (Insecta, Lepidoptera)

2020

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Lepidoptera is amongst one of the four most speciose insect orders and ecologically very successful because of their ability to fly. Insect flight is always aerobic and exacts a high metabolic demand on the animal. A family of structurally related neuropeptides, generically referred to as adipokinetic hormones (AKHs), play a key role in triggering the release of readily utilizable fuel metabolites into the hemolymph from the storage forms in the fat body. We used mass spectrometry to elucidate AKH sequences from 34 species of Lepidoptera and searched the literature and publicly available databases to compile (in a phylogenetic context) a comprehensive list of all Lepidoptera sequences published/predicted from a total of 76 species. We then used the resulting set of 15 biochemically characterized AKHs in a physiological assay that measures lipid or carbohydrate mobilization in three different lepidopteran species to learn about the functional cross-activity (receptor-ligand interactions) amongst the different butterfly/moth families. Our results include novel peptide structures, demonstrate structural diversity, phylogenetic trends in peptide distribution and order-specificity of Lepidoptera AKHs. There is almost an equal occurrence of octa-, nona-, and decapeptides, with an unparalleled emphasis on nonapeptides than in any insect order. Primitive species make Peram-CAH-II, an octapeptide found also in other orders; the lepidopteran signature peptide is Manse-AKH. Not all of the 15 tested AKHs are active in Pieris brassicae; this provides insight into structure-activity specificity and could be useful for further investigations into possible biorational insecticide development.

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Section: Presence Of Akh Peptides In Select Lepidoptera Species and Pmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unique Members of the Adipokinetic Hormone Family in Butterflies and Moths (Insecta, Lepidoptera)

2020

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“…Finally, only men were included in this study, to avoid the potential confounding effects of menstrual-cycle-dependent variation on stress responsivity (Ossewaarde et al, 2010) and reward and punishment processing (Diekhof et al, 2020;Dreher et al, 2007). Our finding that acute stress disrupts reward learning in men seems to be in line with previous reports showing that acute stress disrupts reward-seeking behavior in women (Berghorst et al, 2013;Bogdan et al, 2010Bogdan et al, , 2011Bogdan & Pizzagalli, 2006;Morris & Rottenberg, 2015;Paret & Bublatzky, 2020), but further studies are needed to assess whether acute stress has the same computational effects on reward and punishment learning in men and women.…”

Section: Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The fitted reinforcement-learning model allowed us to examine mechanistically the effects of acute stress on learning rates for positive and negative prediction errors. In this study, we included only male participants due to females' hormonal-dependent variations on stress responsivity, as well as on reward and punishment learning (Diekhof, Korf, Ott, Schädlich, & Holtfrerich, 2020;Dreher et al, 2007;Ossewaarde et al, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute stress impairs reward learning in men

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Conceição

Mesquita

et al. 2020

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Acute stress is ubiquitous in everyday life, but the extent to which acute stress affects how people learn from the outcomes of their choices is still poorly understood. Here, we investigate how acute stress impacts reward and punishment learning in men using a reinforcement-learning task. Sixty-two male participants performed the task whilst under stress and control conditions. We observed that acute stress impaired participants' choice performance towards monetary gains, but not losses. To unravel the mechanism(s) underlying such impairment, we fitted a reinforcement-learning model to participants' trial-by-trial choices. Computational modeling indicated that under acute stress participants learned more slowly from positive prediction errors - when the outcomes were better than expected - consistent with stress-induced dopamine disruptions. Such mechanistic understanding of how acute stress impairs reward learning is particularly important given the pervasiveness of stress in our daily life and the impact that stress can have on our wellbeing and mental health.

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“…Estrogen is thought to enhance dopamine transmission and promote reward seeking behaviours, potentially exacerbating addictive behaviours 17 . Conversely, progesterone may suppress dopaminergic transmission and support the ability to avoid actions that lead to negative outcomes 18 . Fluctuations in estrogen and progesterone levels across the menstrual cycle have been associated with fluctuations in avoidance learning; the subjective effects of stimulant drug use and exacerbations and relapse of psychiatric disorders, including addiction 18,19 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…17 Conversely, progesterone may suppress dopaminergic transmission and support the ability to avoid actions that lead to negative outcomes. 18 Fluctuations in estrogen and progesterone levels across the menstrual cycle have been associated with fluctuations in avoidance learning; the subjective effects of stimulant drug use and exacerbations and relapse of psychiatric disorders, including addiction. 18,19 There is evidence to suggest that both estrogen and progesterone may influence addiction in women, with the majority of research focused on alcohol or smoking.…”

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confidence: 99%

A systematic review of the effect of ovarian sex hormones on stimulant use in females

et al. 2021

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Stimulant use disorder is associated with significant global health burden. Despite evidence for sex differences in the development and maintenance of stimulant use disorder, few studies have focused on mechanisms underpinning distinct trajectories in females versus males, including the effect of the ovarian sex hormones estrogen and progesterone. This review aimed to identify and synthesise the existing preclinical and clinical literature on the effect of ovarian sex hormones on stimulant consumption in females. A systematic search of peer‐reviewed literature identified 1593 articles, screened using the following inclusion criteria: (1) adult female humans or animals, (2) using stimulant drugs, (3) ovarian sex hormones were administered exogenously OR were measured in a validated manner and (4) with stimulant consumption as an outcome measure. A total of 50 studies (3 clinical and 47 preclinical) met inclusion criteria. High‐estrogen (low progesterone) phases of the menstrual/estrus cycle were associated with increased stimulant use in preclinical studies, while there were no clinical studies examining estrogen and stimulant consumption. Consistent preclinical evidence supported progesterone use reducing stimulant consumption, which was also identified in one clinical study. The review was limited by inconsistent data reporting across studies and different protocols across preclinical laboratory paradigms. Importantly, almost all studies examined cocaine use, with impact on methamphetamine use a significant gap in the existing evidence. Given the safety and tolerability profile of progesterone, further research is urgently needed to address this gap, to explore the potential therapeutic utility of progesterone as a treatment for stimulant use disorder.

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Avoidance Learning Across the Menstrual Cycle: A Conceptual Replication

Cited by 9 publications

References 28 publications

Unique Members of the Adipokinetic Hormone Family in Butterflies and Moths (Insecta, Lepidoptera)

Unique Members of the Adipokinetic Hormone Family in Butterflies and Moths (Insecta, Lepidoptera)

Acute stress impairs reward learning in men

A systematic review of the effect of ovarian sex hormones on stimulant use in females

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