B Cell Memory and Plasma Cell Development

Takemori, Toshitada; Tarlinton, David M.; Hiepe, Falk; Radbruch, Andreas

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-397933-9.00014-x

Cited by 6 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 168 publications

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“…This result could be explained from additional support from study 14 , the author demonstrated in mice that the first dose of inactivated viral vaccine followed by adenovirus vectors vaccine induced a significantly prominent T-cell response than two doses of inactivated vaccines. These might help B cell greater differentiation into plasma B cell that could provide higher antibody response to specific antigen more two doses of inactivated vaccines 15 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunogenicity and adverse events of priming with inactivated whole SARS-CoV-2 vaccine (CoronaVac) followed by boosting the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine

Mahasirimongkol¹,

Khunphon²,

Kwangsukstid

et al. 2021

Preprint

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BackgroundResponding to SARS-CoV-2 Delta variants escaped the vaccine-induced immunity and waning immunity from the inactivated whole virus vaccine, Thailand recently proposed a heterologous inactivated whole virus vaccine (CoronaVac) viral vector vaccine (ChAdOx1 nCoV-19) prime-boost vaccine regimen(I/V). This study aims to evaluate the immunogenicity and adverse events of this regimen by comparison with homologous CoronaVac, ChAdOx1 nCoV-19, and convalescent serum.MethodImmunogenicity was evaluated by the level of IgG antibodies against the receptor-binding domain of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein (S1 subunit) (anti-S RBD). At 2 weeks following the second dosage, a selection of random samples was tested for plaque reduction neutralisation (PRNT) and Pseudotype-Based Microneutralization test (PVNT) against SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VOCs). The safety profile of heterologous CoronaVac-ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 prime-boost vaccine regimen was described by interviewing at the 1-month visit.ResultBetween April to August 2021,426 participants were included in the study, with 155 obtaining CoronaVac-ChAdOx1 nCoV-19(I/V),32 obtaining homologous CoronaVac(I/I),47 obtaining homologous ChAdOx1 nCoV-19(V/V),169 with history covid-19 infection. Geometric mean titers (GMTs) of anti-S RBD level in the I/V group compare 2wks and 4 wks (873.9 vs 639,p=0.00114).At 4 wks, GMTs of anti-S RBD level in I/V group was 639, 95% CI 63-726,and natural infection group 177.3, 95% CI 42-221, and V/V group 211.1, 95% CI 77-152, and I/I group 108.2, 95% CI 77-152; all p<0.001).At 2 wks, The GMTs of 50%PRNT of 19 sampling from the I/V group is 434.5, 95% CI 326-579, against wild type and 80.4, 95% CI 56-115, against alpha and 67.4, 95% CI 48-95, against delta and 19.8, 95% CI 14-30, against beta; all p<0.001. At 2 wks, The GMTs of 50%PVNT of 15 sampling from the I/V group is 597.8, 95% CI 368-970, against wild type and 163.9, 95% CI 89-301, against alpha and 157.7, 95% CI 66-378, against delta. The AEs in the I/V schedule were well tolerated and generally unremarkable.ConclusionThe I/V vaccination is a mixed regimen that induced higher immunogenicity and shall be considered for responding to Delta Variants when only inactivated whole virus vaccine and viral vector vaccine was available.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunogenicity and adverse events of priming with inactivated whole SARS-CoV-2 vaccine (CoronaVac) followed by boosting the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine

Mahasirimongkol¹,

Khunphon²,

Kwangsukstid

et al. 2021

Preprint

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“…These cells can be maintained for extended periods, providing potentially life-long immunity against pathogens and their toxins. 4 Plasma cells can be generally divided into two distinct categories based on their lifespan: (1) short-lived plasma cells with a life span of 3 to 5 days and (2) long-lived plasma cells with a life span of several months to life time. 5 MBCs are also produced by differentiation of B-lymphocytes in SLOs like plasma cells.…”

Section: Neutrophils or Polymorphonuclear Leucocytesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, they are responsible for the immunological memory. 4 MBCs have unique features like long life span, high sensitivity to low doses of antigen, quick and robust proliferation, and rapid differentiation into plasma cells that produce high-affinity antibodies during the secondary immune response. Once produced and exposed to antigen, MBCs enter a resting state and persist over long periods of time in the lymphoid organs.…”

Section: Neutrophils or Polymorphonuclear Leucocytesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Immunity: A Step-by-Step Overview

Sharma

2022

Homœopathic Links

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The immune system is an intricate network of various types of cells and proteins that defends the body against infectious diseases. Once the body encounters a pathogenic microorganism, the immune system gets activated and creates a defence mechanism to defeat it and at the same time retains its memory. In future, if the body encounters the same pathogen, it recognises and destroys the pathogen quickly. The whole pathophysiological mechanism involved in this process of defending the body and keeping a record of every pathogen it has encountered, is briefly elucidated. The paper presents a concise description that captures essential nature of immunobiology such as different types of immunity, components of immune system, role of each component and how complement proteins make a functional bridge between two types of immune system. Classification of immunity depicting physiological functioning of its major components and blood cells linked to immune system originating in bone marrow is depicted in flowcharts.

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“…are typically used as experimental subjects, and intravenous blood collection is performed after 3–5 rounds of immunization (usually 50–100 mL) . In general, the proportion of circulating plasma cells in peripheral blood is relatively low compared with that of the thymus, and it is essential to enrich plasma cells before sorting or run multiple rounds of the screening process to obtain a high positive rate . However, there is still a lack of commercial reagents available for alpaca plasma cell enrichment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Generation and Screening of Antigen-Specific Nanobodies from Mammalian Cells Expressing the BCR Repertoire Library Using Droplet-Based Microfluidics

et al. 2022

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Nanobodies, also known as VHHs, originate from the serum of Camelidae. Nanobodies have considerable advantages over conventional antibodies, including smaller size, more modifiable, and deeper tissue penetration, making them promising tools for immunotherapy and antibody-drug development. A high-throughput nanobody screening platform is critical to the rapid development of nanobodies. To date, droplet-based microfluidic systems have exhibited improved performance compared to the traditional phage display technology in terms of time and throughput. In realistic situations, however, it is difficult to directly apply the technology to the screening of nanobodies. Requirements of plasma cell enrichment and high cell viability, as well as a lack of related commercial reagents, are leading causes for impeding the development of novel methods. We overcame these obstacles by constructing a eukaryotic display system that secretes nanobodies utilizing homologous recombination and eukaryotic transformation technologies, and the significant advantages are that it is independent of primary cell viability and it does not require plasma cell enrichment in advance. Next, a signal capture system of "SA-beads + Biotin-antigen + nanobody-6 × His + fluorescence-labeled anti-6 × His (secondary antibody)" was designed for precise localization of the eukaryotic-expressed nanobodies in a droplet. Based on this innovation, we screened 293T cells expressing anti-PD-L1 nanobodies with a high positive rate of targeted cells (up to 99.8%). Then, single-cell transcriptomic profiling uncovered the intercellular heterogeneity and BCR sequence of target cells at a single-cell level. The complete complementarity determining region (CDR3) structure was obtained, which was totally consistent with the BCR reference. This study expanded the linkage between microfluidic technology and nanobody applications and also showed potential to accelerate the rapid transformation of nanobodies in the large-scale market.

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B Cell Memory and Plasma Cell Development

Cited by 6 publications

References 168 publications

Immunogenicity and adverse events of priming with inactivated whole SARS-CoV-2 vaccine (CoronaVac) followed by boosting the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine

Immunogenicity and adverse events of priming with inactivated whole SARS-CoV-2 vaccine (CoronaVac) followed by boosting the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine

Immunity: A Step-by-Step Overview

Generation and Screening of Antigen-Specific Nanobodies from Mammalian Cells Expressing the BCR Repertoire Library Using Droplet-Based Microfluidics

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