Bacillus Coagulans GBI-30 (BC30) improves indices of Clostridium difficile-Induced colitis in mice

Fitzpatrick, Leo R.; Small, Jeffrey S.; Greene, Wallace; Karpa, Kelly Dowhower; Keller, David

doi:10.1186/1757-4749-3-16

Cited by 30 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…This murine model of CDAD described by Fitzpatrick et al was widely used for testing the efficacy of applicable pharmacological agents [18]. We successfully copied out CDAD model according to the method.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Traditional Chinese Medicine QPYF as Preventive Treatment for Clostridium difficile Associated Diarrhea in a Mouse Model

Guo

Wang

Zhang

et al. 2016

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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Traditional Chinese medicine QPYF has a good effect for treating antibiotic-associated diarrhea in clinical practice. The aim of this study is to test its efficacy to prevent Clostridium difficile associated diarrhea (CDAD) in a mouse model. C57BL/6 mice were infected with Clostridium difficile VPI 10463 after exposure to antimicrobial mixture. QPYF was administered from 7 days prior to Clostridium difficile infection to 20 days after infection, and its effect was compared with no treatment and receiving placebo. The mice were monitored for 20 days and the percent survival, disease activity index, weight loss, colon histopathology, and the levels of toxins in the feces were measured. The expressions of TNF α, MCP-1, NF-κB p65, and phospho-NF-κB p65 in the colon were presented by immunohistochemistry. The survival rate of QPYF group (93.75%) was higher than that of model control group (65%). The mice treated with QPYF had a lower weight loss and disease activity index, compared to the mice with placebo. A significantly lower level of histopathology scores, toxins in the feces, and TNF α, MCP-1, NF-κB p65, and phospho-NF-κB p65 were detected for QPYF-treated mice. Traditional Chinese medicine QPYF showed a good preventive effect for CDAD in a mouse model.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Traditional Chinese Medicine QPYF as Preventive Treatment for Clostridium difficile Associated Diarrhea in a Mouse Model

Guo

Wang

Zhang

et al. 2016

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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“…Severity of diarrhea was assessed according to the stool consistency score (0: normal, 1: loose stool, 2: loose/some diarrhea, 3: diarrhea, 4: severe watery diarrhea). 34 Before every stool consistency measurement clean white tissues were placed at the bottom of the cage to allow determination of the consistency of the stool. Results are expressed as mean § SD.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fasting protects against the side effects of irinotecan but preserves its anti-tumor effect in Apc15lox mutant mice

et al. 2015

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Irinotecan is a widely used topoisomerase-I-inhibitor with a very narrow therapeutic window because of its severe toxicity. In the current study we have examined the effects of fasting prior to irinotecan treatment on toxicity and anti-tumor activity. FabplCre;Apc(15lox/+) mice, which spontaneously develop intestinal tumors, of 27 weeks of age were randomized into 3-day fasted and ad libitum fed groups, followed by treatment with a flat-fixed high dose of irinotecan or vehicle. Side-effects were recorded until 11 days after the start of the experiment. Tumor size, and markers for cell-cycle activity, proliferation, angiogenesis, and senescence were measured. Fasted mice were protected against the side-effects of irinotecan treatment. Ad libitum fed mice developed visible signs of discomfort including weight loss, lower activity, ruffled coat, hunched-back posture, diarrhea, and leukopenia. Irinotecan reduced tumor size in fasted and ad libitum fed groups similarly compared to untreated controls (2.4 ± 0.67 mm and 2.4 ± 0.82 mm versus 3.0 ± 1.05 mm and 2.8 ± 1.08 mm respectively, P < 0.001). Immunohistochemical analysis showed reduced proliferation, a reduced number of vascular endothelial cells, and increased levels of senescence in tumors of both irinotecan treated groups. In conclusion, 3 days of fasting protects against the toxic side-effects of irinotecan in a clinically relevant mouse model of spontaneously developing colorectal cancer without affecting its anti-tumor activity. These results support fasting as a powerful way to improve treatment of colorectal carcinoma patients.

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“…A score of 0 indicated a severely fluffy coat with obvious gaps with visible skin. Severity of diarrhoea was assessed according to the stool consistency score (0: normal, 1: loose stool, 2: loose/some diarrhoea, 3: diarrhoea and 4: severe watery diarrhoea) (Fitzpatrick et al ). Before every stool consistency measurement, clean white tissues were placed at the bottom of the cage to allow determination of the consistency of the stool.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fasting protects against the side effects of irinotecan treatment but does not affect anti‐tumour activity in mice

Huisman

Bruijn

Moghaddam-Helmantel

et al. 2016

British J Pharmacology

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BACKGROUNDThe main limitation to the use of irinotecan in the treatment of colorectal cancer is the severity of side effects, including neutropaenia and diarrhoea. Here, we explored the effects of 3 days of fasting on irinotecan-induced toxicities, on plasma, liver and tumour pharmacokinetics and on anti-tumour activity in mice. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACHMale BALB/c mice received C26 colon carcinoma cells subcutaneously. They were randomized 1:1 into equally sized ad libitum fed and fasted groups after which they were treated with irinotecan. Weight and adverse side effects were recorded daily. At the end of the experiment, tumours were resected and weighed, and concentrations of irinotecan and its active metabolite SN-38 were determined in plasma and tumour. KEY RESULTSFasting prevented the diarrhoea and visible signs of discomfort induced by irinotecan. Ad libitum fed animals developed leucopenia compared with untreated controls, whereas fasted mice did not. Irinotecan suppressed tumour growth equally in both treated groups, compared with untreated controls. Levels of the active irinotecan metabolite SN-38 9 (calculated as AUC values) were significantly lower in fasted mice in both plasma and liver, but not in tumour tissue. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONSFasting protected against irinotecan-induced side effects without interfering with its anti-tumour efficacy. Fasting induced a lower systemic exposure to SN-38, which may explain the absence of adverse side effects, while tumour levels of SN-38 remained unchanged. These data offer important new approaches to improve treatment with irinotecan in patients. AbbreviationsCES, carboxylesterase; DR, dietary restriction; IGF-1, insulin-like growth factor 1; PK, pharmacokinetic; SN-38, 7-ethyl-10-hydroxycamptothecin (active metabolite of irinotecan); SN-38G, SN-38 glucuronide; UGT1A, uridine diphosphate glucuronosyltransferase 1A

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Bacillus Coagulans GBI-30 (BC30) improves indices of Clostridium difficile-Induced colitis in mice

Cited by 30 publications

References 18 publications

Traditional Chinese Medicine QPYF as Preventive Treatment for Clostridium difficile Associated Diarrhea in a Mouse Model

Traditional Chinese Medicine QPYF as Preventive Treatment for Clostridium difficile Associated Diarrhea in a Mouse Model

Fasting protects against the side effects of irinotecan but preserves its anti-tumor effect in Apc15lox mutant mice

Fasting protects against the side effects of irinotecan treatment but does not affect anti‐tumour activity in mice

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