Bacillus formosensis sp. nov., isolated from pesticide wastewater

Abstract

A Gram-stain-positive, endospore-forming rod (designated strain CC-LY275 T ) was isolated from a pesticide wastewater sample. The isolate grew at a temperature 20-45 8C, at pH 7.0-8.0 and tolerated NaCl 6 % (w/v). The most closely related strains in terms of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity were Bacillus horneckiae (97.1 %) and Bacillus oceanisediminis (96.8 %), respectively. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 37.9 mol%. Strain CC-LY275T was determined to possess iso-C 14 : 0 , iso-C 15 : 0 and anteiso-C 15 : 0 as predominant fatty acids. The major polar lipid profile consisted of diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylglycerol. Cell-wall peptidoglycan contained mesodiaminopimelic acid; menaquinone (MK-7) was the predominant respiratory quinone. According to the distinct phylogenetic, phenotypic and chemotaxonomic properties, the name Bacillus formosensis sp. nov. (type strain CC-LY275Bacillus subtilis was the first species of the genus Bacillus and described by Ferdinand Cohn in 1872. The genus Bacillus belongs to the family Bacillaceae of the order Bacillales; most recognized species are represented by Gram-stain-positive, aerobic or facultatively anaerobic rods. Typical characteristics of members of the genus Bacillus are low DNA G+C content and containing menaquinone MK-7 as the major respiratory quinone. Due to their capacity to form endospores, they can survive long periods of high temperature (Cohn, 1872). Most species of the genus Bacillus prefer neutral pH and low salt concentrations, whereas some can also grow in environments with high alkalinity ( While investigating bacterial diversity in a pesticide wastewater sample, the standard serial-dilution plating technique was used to isolate strains on nutrient agar (NA; Hi-Media) and tryptic soy agar (TSA; Difco) at 30 8C for 3 days. A presumably novel strain (designated CC-LY275 T ) was selected for further phenotypic and phylogenetic characterization. Strain CC-LY275T was routinely grown aerobically on TSA at 30 8C for 2 days and stored at 280 8C in nutrient broth 2216 (NB; Hi-Media) supplemented with 30 % (v/v) glycerol for long-term preservation. For taxonomic purposes, Bacillus horneckiae BCRC 80312 T (Vaishampayan et al., 2010) and Bacillus oceanisediminis BCRC 80336 T (Zhang et al., 2010) were used as reference strains for the comparison of phenotypic properties. All strains were grown on TSA at 30 8C for 2 days, unless specified otherwise. In order to clarify the taxonomic position of the novel strain, a polyphasic study including morphological and biochemical characteristics, phylogenetic characteristics of the 16S rRNA, polar lipid and cellular fatty acid composition was performed in comparison with reference strains of the genus Bacillus. The morphological, biochemical and phylogenetic characteristics of the novel bacterium was described according to the minimal standards (Logan et al., 2009;Tindall et al., 2010).A commercial DNA extraction kit (MO BIO UltraClean) was used to extract the genomic DNA of CC-LY275T fo...

Cytobacillus spongiae sp. nov. isolated from sponge Diacarnus spinipoculum

“…Strains: 1, Cytobacillus spongiae CY-G T ; 2, Cytobacillus oceanisediminis H2 T ; 3, Cytobacillus firmus IAM 12464 T ; 4, Cytobacillus depressus BZ1 T (data from [4]); 5, Cytobacillus gottheilii WCC 4585 T (data from [11]); 6, Cytobacillus ciccensis 5L6 T (data from [1]); 7, Cytobacillus suaedae HD4P25 T (data from [2]); 8, Cytobacillus solani FJAT 18043 T (data from [5]); 9, Cytobacillus formosensis CC-LY275 T (data from [9]); 10, Cytobacillus kochii WCC 4582 T (data from [13]); 11, Cytobacillus horneckiae 1P01SC T (data from [12]); 12, Cytobacillus praedii FJAT 25547 T (data from [6]); 13, Cytobacillus luteolus YIM 93174 T (data from [7]); 14, Cytobacillus eiseniae A1-2 T (data from [8]); 15, Cytobacillus purgationiresistans DS22 T (data from [10]). +, Positive; w, weakly positive; -, negative, nd, no data available; AL, aminolipid; APL, aminophospholipid; DPG, diphosphatidylglycerol; GL, glycolipid; PE, phosphatidylethanolamine; PG, phosphatidylglycerol; PI,phosphatidylinositol; PIM, phosphatidylinositol mannoside; PL, phospholipid.…”

“…At the time of writing the genus Cytobacillus contained 14 species with validly published names and one species with a non-validly published name, according to IJSEM Validation Lists and IJSEM articles, including Cytobacillus firmus (type species), Cytobacillus ciccensis , Cytobacillus depressus , Cytobacillus eiseniae , Cytobacillus formosensis , Cytobacillus gottheilii , Cytobacillus horneckiae , Cytobacillus kochii , Cytobacillus luteolus , Cytobacillus oceanisediminis , Cytobacillus praedii , Cytobacillus purgationiresistens , Cytobacillus solani , Cytobacillus suaedae and ' Cytobacillus stercorigallinarum ' . Species of the genus Cytobacillus have been isolated from plants [1, 2], soil [3–7], the intestinal tract of an earthworm [8], water [9, 10], a pharmaceutical manufacturing site [11], a spacecraft-assembly clean room [12] and food [13] ().…”

Cerasibacillus terrae sp. nov., isolated from maize field, and emended description of Cerasibacillus quisquiliarum Nakamura et al. 2004

“…For the investigation of chemotaxonomic characteristics, cell biomass of strain CC-CFT480 T and the reference strains were harvested at a similar physiological age with similar growth kinetics. The cell-wall diamino acid was determined from whole-cell hydrolysates (6 N HCl, 100 °C, 18 h) and subjected to thin-layer chromatography on cellulose plates (Merck) with alanine, glutamic acid, lysine and dl -DAP (Sigma Chemical Co.) as standard amino acids [28, 29]. After one-dimensional TLC, the sample was sprayed with ninhydrin reagent [30] and heated to 100 °C for 5 min.…”

Cytobacillus citreus sp. nov., isolated from citrus rhizosphere soil

“…Members of this genus are Gram-stain-positive or Gram-stain-variable, aerobic or facultatively anaerobic, and produce endospores [1]. They were isolated from diverse environments including soil [4,5], rhizosphere [6], marine sediment [7], salt field [8], earthworm [9], spacecraft-assembly clean room [10], a food and pharmaceutical manufacturing site [11], drinking-water treatment plant [12], and pesticide wastewater [13]. Most species exhibited motility and some species were salt and alkali tolerant [3,6,8].…”