Bacillus subtilis H2 modulates immune response, fat metabolism and bacterial flora in the gut of grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus)

Shi, Fei; Zi, Yingjuan; Lu, Zhijie; Li, Fenglin; Yang, Minxuan; Zhan, Fanbin; Li, Yanan; Li, Jun; Zhao, Lijuan; Lin, Li; Qin, Zhendong

doi:10.1016/j.fsi.2020.06.061

Cited by 71 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…The use of AiiO-AIO6 will interfere the QS signal molecules of some intestinal microbiota and alter gut microbial community structure. B. subtilis also can modulate bacterial ora in the gut (Shi et al 2020), as well as spore supplementation (Jang et al 2021). The symbiotic relationship and interaction between intestinal microbiota and host make each other in a dynamic equilibrium state, many studies have con rmed the positive role of intestinal microbiota in improving sh immunity (Teame et al 2020;Wu et al 2020a;Wu et al 2020b), and our results are consistent with them.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

The Combination of Bacillus Subtilis wt55 with AiiO-AIO6 Improve the Resistance of Zebrafish to Aeromonas Veronii Infection by Simple Collocation Rather Than B. Subtilis Quorum-Quenching Recombinant Expression Strain

Yao

Xia

Yang

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Disease problems will seriously restrict the sustainable development of aquaculture, and the environmental-friendly prevention strategies are urgently needed. Probiotics and quorum-quenching enzyme are innovative strategies to control bacterial diseases. Firstly, the bacteriostatic activity of B. subtilis wt55 strain and quenching enzyme AiiO-AIO6 on the growth of A. veronii were tested in vitro, and the results showed that this two had different effects on A. veronii: wt55 inhibit the growth of A. veronii, but AiiO-AIO6 did not. Then, the synergistic effects of simple combination of B. subtilis wt55 and AiiO-AIO6 was evaluated next. The results showed this combination could improve the survival rate and significantly reduce the number of invasive A. veronii in gut after challenge compared to the other groups, corresponding to the lower intestinal alkaline phosphatase activity. In vitro co-culture experiments showed this combination could inhibit the growth of A. veronii. Direct immersion of germ-free zebrafish proved AiiO-AIO6 did not directly regulate the innate immune response of the host, but wt55 did it, and the combination of wt55 and AiiO-AIO6 could significantly reduce the expression of NF-κB and proinflammatory cytokine IL-1β, increase the expression of lysozyme gene. The gut microbiota induced by either experimental diet was transferred to germ-free zebrafish, and the results showed that intestinal microbiota also plays a regulatory role. The gut microbiota from combination group could significantly inhibit the expression of IL-1β and NF-κB, and increased the expression of TGF-β and lysozyme. Given the effectiveness of this combination, a B. subtilis quorum-quenching recombinant expression strain in which AiiO-AIO6 was surface displayed on the spores and secreted by vegetative cells was built. The results showed that the survival rate after challenge was lower than that of the group treated with AiiO-AIO6 or wt55 alone, and the expression of proinflammatory cytokine IL-1β and NF-κB were significantly higher. Our study demonstrated the effectiveness of B. subtilis and AiiO-AIO6 simple combination and established an efficient B. subtilis expression system.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

The Combination of Bacillus Subtilis wt55 with AiiO-AIO6 Improve the Resistance of Zebrafish to Aeromonas Veronii Infection by Simple Collocation Rather Than B. Subtilis Quorum-Quenching Recombinant Expression Strain

Yao

Xia

Yang

et al. 2021

Preprint

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“…2008; Shi et al . 2020). Besides vegetative form, spores of this bacterium can also stimulate and/or exert an adjuvant effect on the immune system of different aquatic species (Raida et al .…”

Section: Bacillus Subtilis and Its Probiotic Attributesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bacillus species can modulate/stimulate the host immunity in a range of animals ranging from terrestrial to aquatic animals. B. subtilis at optimum dose can stimulate piscine cellular and humoral immunity (Rengpipat et al 2000;Nayak et al 2007;Kumar et al 2008;Shi et al 2020). Besides vegetative form, spores of this bacterium can also stimulate and/or exert an adjuvant effect on the immune system of different aquatic species (Raida et al 2003).…”

Section: Ability To Stimulate Immune Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multifaceted applications of probiotic Bacillus species in aquaculture with special reference to Bacillus subtilis

Nayak

2020

Reviews in Aquaculture

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Microorganisms play an important role in water quality maintenance, waste management, productivity enhancement, nutrient cycling, functional feed development, protection against infectious diseases, delivery of antigens and several other health benefits in aquaculture. The most significant use of microbes in aquaculture to minimize the antibiotics and drugs is through probiotics. The scope of probiotics in modern aquaculture has been enormous due to the detrimental consequences of routinely used antibiotics and chemotherapeutic agents and demand for safe aquatic products for human consumption. Since past few decades, both scientific and commercial interests are burgeoning in this field, and over the years, several probiotics are successfully used in aquaculture. Among various probiotics that are being used, Bacillus species are the common probiotics that are used in different aquatic animals. Several probiotics species belonging to Bacillus genus are currently been used, and Bacillus subtilis is one of such probiotics that is very well‐researched and most widely used probiotics in aquaculture. While its probiotic use has already been an important component in diverse aquaculture practices, its application in water quality improvement, utility in bioflocs/bioremediation and vehicle to express and delivery of heterologous antigen are noteworthy. It exerts innumerable beneficial effects such as improvement of growth, nutrition, immunity and disease resistance in aquatic species. This bacterium adopts a variety of disparate and overlapping mechanisms such as synergistic, antagonistic, competitive exclusion and immune‐stimulating effects. This review summarizes various applications of this bacterium as probiotics, bioremediating agent, bioflocing agent and possible live vaccine vehicle in aquaculture.

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“…B. subtilis is widely used to regulate the intestinal flora of fish. Previous studies have shown that B. subtilis can regulate the intestinal microbiota of grass carp and promote a healthy intestinal system [ 42 ]. In some studies, it was used in the preservation of fish filets because of its antibacterial effect or quorum-quenching mechanism.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Application of Bacillus subtilis for Adhesion Inhibition of Pseudomonas and Preservation of Fresh Fish

Zhang

Tong

You

et al. 2021

Foods

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Inhibiting the growth of spoilage bacteria, such as Pseudomonas spp., is key to reducing spoilage in fish. The mucus adhesion test in vitro showed that the adhesion ability of Bacillus subtilis was positively correlated with its inhibition ability to Pseudomonas spp. In vivo experiments of tilapia showed that dietary supplementation with B. subtilis could reduce the adhesion and colonization of Pseudomonas spp. in fish intestines and flesh, as well as reduce total volatile basic nitrogen (TVB-N) production. High throughput and metabolomic analysis showed treatment with B. subtilis, especially C6, reduced the growth of Pseudomonas spp., Aeromonas spp., Fusobacterium spp., and Enterobacterium spp., as well as aromatic spoilage compounds associated with these bacteria, such as indole, 2,4-bis(1,1-dimethylethyl)-phenol, 3-methyl-1-butanol, phenol, and 1-octen-3-ol. Our work showed that B. subtilis could improve the flavor of fish by changing the intestinal flora of fish, and it shows great promise as a microecological preservative.

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Bacillus subtilis H2 modulates immune response, fat metabolism and bacterial flora in the gut of grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus)

Cited by 71 publications

References 53 publications

The Combination of Bacillus Subtilis wt55 with AiiO-AIO6 Improve the Resistance of Zebrafish to Aeromonas Veronii Infection by Simple Collocation Rather Than B. Subtilis Quorum-Quenching Recombinant Expression Strain

The Combination of Bacillus Subtilis wt55 with AiiO-AIO6 Improve the Resistance of Zebrafish to Aeromonas Veronii Infection by Simple Collocation Rather Than B. Subtilis Quorum-Quenching Recombinant Expression Strain

Multifaceted applications of probiotic Bacillus species in aquaculture with special reference to Bacillus subtilis

The Application of Bacillus subtilis for Adhesion Inhibition of Pseudomonas and Preservation of Fresh Fish

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