Backfat and carcass composition of piglets fed milk replacers containing vegetable oil compared with sow-reared piglets

Farnworth, E. R.; Wolynetz, M. S.; Modler, H.W.; Kramer, J. K. G.; Sauer, Frank; Johnston, Kathleen M.

doi:10.1051/rnd:19940103

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 17 publications

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“…Farnworth et al. () examined the effect on the body composition of piglets as a result of feeding artificial milk containing 0%, 2%, 7%, 12% or 20% erucic acid. Digestibility of erucic acid was high (> 98%), and the erucic acid content of the backfat reflected the concentrations in the diet.…”

Section: Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Erucic acid in feed and food

Knutsen¹,

Alexander²,

Barregård³

et al. 2016

EFS2

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Erucic acid is the trivial name of the fatty acid cis-13-docosenoic acid and occurs at high concentrations mainly in the seeds of species of the Brassicaceae (e.g. rape seed or mustard seed). The European Commission requested EFSA to deliver a scientific opinion on the risks for animal and human health related to the presence of erucic acid in feed and food. For most humans, the main contributor to dietary exposure to erucic acid was the food group 'Fine bakery wares'. In 'Infants', 'Food for infants and small children' was the main contributor to exposure. The heart is the principal target organ for toxic effects after exposure. Myocardial lipidosis was identified as the critical effect for chronic exposure to erucic acid. This effect is reversible and transient during prolonged exposure. A tolerable daily intake (TDI) of 7 mg/kg body weight (bw) per day for erucic acid was established, based on a no observed adverse effect level of 0.7 g/kg bw per day for lipidosis in young rats and newborn piglets. Mean chronic exposure of the different groups of the population did not exceed the TDI. The two highest 95th percentile dietary exposure levels were observed for infants (ranging from 1.7 to 7.4 mg/kg bw per day, minimum lower bound (LB) -maximum upper bound (UB)) and other children (ranging from 2.1 to 9.5 mg/kg bw per day, minimum LB -maximum UB), the last max UB estimate being above the TDI. This may indicate a risk for young individuals with high erucic acid exposure. In pigs, levels of erucic acid are unlikely to represent a health concern. However, for poultry, the small margin between the lowest observed adverse effect level (LOAEL) and the estimated exposure may indicate a health risk where maximum inclusion rates are applied. Due to the absence of adequate data, the risk for ruminants, horses, fish and rabbits could not be assessed.

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Section: Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Erucic acid in feed and food

Knutsen¹,

Alexander²,

Barregård³

et al. 2016

EFS2

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Interaction of poly(ethylene-glycols) with air-water interfaces and lipid monolayers: investigations on surface pressure and surface potential

Winterhalter

Bürner

Marzinka

et al. 1995

Biophysical Journal

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We have characterized the surface activity of different-sized poly(ethylene-glycols) (PEG; M(r) 200-100,000 Da) in the presence or absence of lipid monolayers and over a wide range of bulk PEG concentrations (10(-8)-10% w/v). Measurements of the surface potential and surface pressure demonstrate that PEGs interact with the air-water and lipid-water interfaces. Without lipid, PEG added either to the subphase or to the air-water interface forms relatively stable monolayers. Except for very low molecular weight polymers (PEGs < 1000 Da), low concentrations of PEG in the subphase (between 10(-5) and 10(-4)% w/v) increase the surface potential from zero (with respect to the potential of a pure air-water interface) to a plateau value of approximately 440 mV. At much higher polymer concentrations, > 10(-1)% (w/v), depending on the molecular weight of the PEG and corresponding to the concentration at which the polymers in solution are likely to overlap, the surface potential decreases. High concentrations of PEG in the subphase cause a similar decrease in the surface potential of densely packed lipid monolayers spread from either diphytanoyl phosphatidylcholine (DPhPC), dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine (DPPC), or dioleoyl phosphatidylserine (DOPS). Adding PEG as a monolayer at the air-water interface also affects the surface activity of DPhPC or DPPC monolayers. At low lipid concentration, the surface pressure and potential are determined by the polymer. For intermediate lipid concentrations, the surface pressure-area and surface potential-area isotherms show that the effects due to lipid and PEG are not always additive and that the polymer's effect is distinct for the two lipids. When PEG-lipid-mixed monolayers are compressed to surface pressures greater than the collapse pressure for a PEG monolayer, the surface pressure-area and surface potential-area isotherms approach that of the lipid alone, suggesting that for this experimental condition PEG is expelled from the interface.

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Chemical Composition and Energy Value of Different Fat Sources for Growing Pigs

Jørgensen¹,

Fernández²

2000

Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section A - Animal Science

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Backfat and carcass composition of piglets fed milk replacers containing vegetable oil compared with sow-reared piglets

Cited by 4 publications

References 17 publications

Erucic acid in feed and food

Erucic acid in feed and food

Interaction of poly(ethylene-glycols) with air-water interfaces and lipid monolayers: investigations on surface pressure and surface potential

Chemical Composition and Energy Value of Different Fat Sources for Growing Pigs

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