Bacterial Adhesion to Cells and Tissues

Ofek, Itzhak; Doyle, Ronald J.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4684-6435-1

Cited by 219 publications

(197 citation statements)

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“…This phenomenon has also been noted by others (Carson et al 1992, Soltani 1995 who, like the present study, suggest that this 'sticky' clumping nature may facilitate an adhesion mechanism that plays a role in the pathogenicity of Tenacibaculum maritimum. Attachment to the host is an important first step in the disease process (Ofek & Doyle 1994) and would allow proliferation on the host tissue and facilitate dispersal of any toxin the bacterium produces. The stickier the isolate, the more virulent it is likely to be, as it would be more adherent to the host.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimentally induced marine flexibacteriosis in Atlantic salmon smolts Salmo salar. I. Pathogenicity

Gelderen¹,

Carson²,

Nowak³

2010

Dis. Aquat. Org.

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Tenacibaculum maritimum causes marine flexibacteriosis in many cultured fish species, including Atlantic salmon Salmo salar in Tasmania, Australia. Several aspects of the pathogenicity of this bacterium were investigated in naive Atlantic salmon smolts using different isolates, growth conditions and doses to produce a model of infection. We found that T. maritimum is pathogenic to Atlantic salmon using either marine Shieh's or marine Ordal's culture medium. The use of aeration in broth culture produced a dose effect in challenge due to a 'clumping' of the bacteria during culture. The virulence of a strain appears to be connected with this 'clumping'; the more adherent the cells, the more pathogenic the strain. Differences in virulence between 3 strains was apparent, with 1 of the strains (89/4747) being non-pathogenic and unable to produce disease in the host. The 2 other strains (89/4762, 00/3280) were highly virulent, resulting in 100% mortalities within 3 d. A reproducible model of infection has been established in the present study using strain 89/4762. Results from the present study provide a better insight into the nature of the disease. KEY WORDS: Tenacibaculum maritimum · Pathogenicity · Atlantic salmon · Infection model Resale or republication not permitted without written consent of the publisherDis Aquat Org 91: [121][122][123][124][125][126][127][128] 2010 MATERIALS AND METHODSPathogenicity experiments. Three different methods were used to assess the pathogenicity of Tenacibaculum maritimum in Atlantic salmon (Table 1). Expt 1 was a comparison of methods: 2 different growth media, marine Shieh's broth (MSB) and marine Anacker and Ordal's broth (Anacker & Ordal 1959) (MOB), with or without aeration were used during culture of bacteria. The assessment was made with strain 89/4762. Expt 2 was a comparison of the pathogenicity of 3 strains (89/4762, 89/4747, 00/3280) and Expt 3 compared dose effects for 1 strain (89/4762). Assessments of culture media and strains on pathogenicity were made in a semi-static experiment. As a recirculation system was used in Expt 3, there were 2 different control treatments. One control treatment was within the recirculation system and was called control (in); and another was still part of the system but had a separate water source, and was called control (out). The system was set up with a filter bank down to 0.8 µm for incoming water and 2 UV lights (400 J m 2-1 , 4000 l h -1 ) to reduce bacterial load.Experimental fish. Naive, disease-free Atlantic salmon smolts were obtained from a commercial hatchery. The fish were initially kept in freshwater and then acclimated to seawater (salinity 35) over a week starting at salinity 5. They were fed on a commercial diet (Atlantic HP, Skretting) at maintenance (1% body weight) during acclimation. Feeding ceased 48 h before challenge. Numbers of fish and replicates, weight and length of the fish, and water conditions for each experiment are summarised in Table 2.Bacteria cultures. Three strains of Tenacibaculum marit...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimentally induced marine flexibacteriosis in Atlantic salmon smolts Salmo salar. I. Pathogenicity

Gelderen¹,

Carson²,

Nowak³

2010

Dis. Aquat. Org.

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“…They are filamentous organelles consisting of helically arranged subunits (pilins) assembled in a well-defined order. 22 Within each class, proteins can be grouped into families, with similar sequences and structural properties. Nowadays, as the genome analysis of various organisms, including humans, is completed, lectins can also be valuably classified through the concept of protein (gene) families, whose members show evolutionary kinship.…”

Section: Lectin Namementioning

confidence: 99%

Lectins: Tools for the Molecular Understanding of the Glycocode

2005

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Recent progress in glycobiology has revealed that cell surface oligosaccharides play an essential role in recognition events. More precisely, these saccharides may be complexed by lectins, carbohydrate-binding proteins other than enzymes and antibodies, able to recognise sugars in a highly specific manner. The ubiquity of lectin-carbohydrate interactions opens enormous potential for their exploitation in BA (1993) and DPhil (1996) T h i s j o u r n a l i s © T h e R o y a l S o c i e t y o f C h e m i s t r y

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“…For example, numerous studies suggest that streptococci interact specifically with proteins such as collagen, myosin, fibronectin, fibrinogen and laminin and that these interactions may mediate the adherence of cells directly to the tissue surface (see Ofek and Doyle, 1994).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structure, function and immunogenicity of streptococcal antigen I/II polypeptides

Jenkinson

Demuth

1997

Molecular Microbiology

225

220

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SummaryThe antigen I/II family of cell-surface-anchored polypeptides in oral streptococci are structurally complex multi-functional adhesins, with multiple ligand-binding sites. Discrete regions within these polypeptides bind human salivary glycoproteins, other microbial cells, and calcium. Sequences within the N-terminal region bind preferentially fluid-phase glycoproteins, while the C-terminal half of the polypeptide contains species-specific adhesion-mediating sequences that bind surface-immobilized glycoproteins. These features may assist streptococcal adhesion to oral surface receptors despite the presence of excess fluidphase receptors. Immunological studies reveal an array of T-cell and B-cell epitopes presented by antigen I/II polypeptides and suggest the occurrence of natural suppression of human antibodies to the adhesionmediating sequences. The functional and immunological properties of antigen I/II proteins may account to a major extent for the success of oral streptococci colonizing and surviving within the human host.

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Bacterial Adhesion to Cells and Tissues

Cited by 219 publications

References 0 publications

Experimentally induced marine flexibacteriosis in Atlantic salmon smolts Salmo salar. I. Pathogenicity

Experimentally induced marine flexibacteriosis in Atlantic salmon smolts Salmo salar. I. Pathogenicity

Lectins: Tools for the Molecular Understanding of the Glycocode

Structure, function and immunogenicity of streptococcal antigen I/II polypeptides

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