Bacterial agents and changes in drug susceptibilities in cases of chronic dacryocystitis, Southern China

Abstract

Purpose This study aimed to determine the susceptibility and the changes of bacterial agents of chronic dacryocystitis and determine the risk factors for bacterial prevalence and drug sensitivity to provide a reference for clinical selection of antibiotics. Methods A case-control study was conducted using 112 patients with chronic dacryocystitis and 112 patients with non-infectious ophthalmopathy between August 2017 and April 2018. Lacrimal and conjunctival sac secretions were cultured for aerobic and anaerobic bacteria. Forty-five patients with chronic dacryocystitis between November 2014 and November 2015 were also included. Results Positive bacterial cultures were obtained from 61.9% and 50.9% of chronic dacryocystitis and non-infectious ophthalmopathy patients, but the detection rates for pathogenic bacteria were 18.3% and 2.7%, respectively (P [ 0.001). Gram-negative and anaerobic bacteria were significantly more prevalent in the patient group compared with the control group (P = 0.001 and 0.005, respectively). Bacteria were detected at a significantly higher rate in patients with irritant symptoms (itch or foreign-body sensation) than in those without (OR = 9.333, P = 0.002), particularly Staphylococcus (OR = 9.783, P = 0.002). 11.6% (10/86) and 55.8% (48/86) showed resistance to levofloxacin and tobramycin, respectively. Compared with three years ago, the detection rate for Grampositive cocci decreased from 51.1% to 27.8% (v 2 = 8.054, P = 0.005) Conclusions Gram-positive cocci, Gram-negative bacilli, and anaerobic bacteria were the predominant pathogens. The prevalence of Gram-positive bacteria in cases of chronic dacryocystitis is decreasing.

Long-term outcomes of laser dacryoplasty combined with intubation using a new silicon tube in patients with lacrimal duct obstruction

“…Postoperative syringing is of paramount importance because it can reduce the inflammatory stimuli that may create after the procedure. Medications used included gentamicin, tetracycline and tobramycin, since the most frequently isolated Gram-positive bacteria were Staphylococci, Pseudomonas meltophilia and Pseudomonas alcaligenes for Gram-negative bacteria, and Bacteroid for anaerobic microorganism [23][24][25] . In addition to antibiotics, dexamethasone or cortisone ointment was also injected to decrease inflammation and to support the lacrimal duct.…”

Analysis of the safety and effectiveness of endoscopic nasal dacryocystorhinostomy in the remedy of chronic dacryocystitis

“…Chronic dacryocystitis predominantly affects middle-aged and elderly women and its incidence is rising due to population aging and lifestyle changes. [7,25,26] While surgery remains the primary treatment, traditional EXT-DCR, despite its effectiveness in alleviating symptoms like tears and pus, has been limited by relatively large surgical incisions, higher complication rates, and recurrence. [9,12,27] In contrast, END-DCR has gained widespread clinical adoption in recent years.…”

“…[1][2][3] At present, the clinical remedy of chronic dacryocystitis includes lacrimal duct irrigation, antibiotic ophthalmic medicine, operation, and so on. [4][5][6][7][8] The most frequently used ones are surgical remedy, which aims to reestablish the internal nasal drainage channel, remove the obstruction of nasolacrimal duct, and eliminate inflammation. [9][10][11] Dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR) is the main surgical method to treat chronic dacryocystitis.…”