Bacterial Consortium Based on Rhizosphere Bacteria of Spring Barley

Research was carried out with the aim of developing techniques to promote better ear formation in plants and improve the quality of corn grain for the production of valuable feed. The two-factor experience was laid in 2019-2021 on gray forest soils of Kama region of the Republic of Tatarstan. The experimental plot was characterized by the following indicators: gray forest soil, heavy loamy, humus content (according to Tyurin) is low (3.8%), mobile phosphorus and potassium (according to Kirsanov) are respectively very high (288 mg/kg of soil) and increased (153 mg/kg of soil). kg of soil), pH 6.5. The research was carried out in a two-factor field experiment, the scheme of which included the following options: background nutrition (factor A) - without fertilizers (control), NK for a yield of 50 t/ha of green mass of corn, NK for 50 t/ha + foliar feeding with liquid microfertilizer Batr Zn , inlay GSN-2004 + foliar fertilizer Batr Zn%, corn hybrid (factor B) - early maturing three-line hybrids of universal use Nur (FAO 150) and Bilyar-160 (FAO 160), as well as mid-early double interline hybrid Voronezhsky-279 (FAO 290). The inclusion of foliar feeding with organomineral microfertilizer Batr Zn at a rate of 1 l/ha in the 8-leaf phase against backgrounds with the use of mineral fertilizers has a positive effect on the development of the generative organs of corn (cob weight increases by 0.5...5.8 g, weight of 1000 grains - by 5...7%, compared to the NK option at 50 t/ha). At the same time, the yield of green mass increases by 6...8%. The grain harvest reaches 59.37 (hybrid Bilyar-160); 59.8 (hybrid Nur) and 67.25 c/ha (hybrid Voronezh-279). Foliar feeding of Batr Zn on a fertilized background helps to improve the quality indicators of corn feed. The content of sugars increases, relative to the control variant without fertilizers, by 2%, crude protein - by 0.2% and crude fiber - by 3...4%.

Bacterial Consortium Based on Rhizosphere Bacteria of Spring Barley

Validov,

Komissarov

2024

Endophytic Strains of Bacteria in the Technology of Corn Cultivation for Grain

Mikhaylova,

Minikaev,

Kolesar

et al. 2024

The study of the effect of endophytic bacterial strains on the formation of the general habitus of the corn plant during the growing season, as well as the effect on grain yield, was carried out in the conditions of the Ancestral region of the Republic of Tatarstan in 2022-2023. The soil of the experimental site was represented by a subtype of gray forest, the variety was heavy loamy. Endophytic bacterial strains were used in corn crops in the form of leaf dressing with a rate of 1.0 l/ha during the growing season in the 7-8 leaf phase. The technology of cultivation of corn for grain was generally accepted for the Republic of Tatarstan. A two-factor experiment was laid: hybrids (factor A) - early maturing Nur and ROSS-195, mid-early ‒ Krasnodarskiy-230; preparations of endophytic bacterial strains (factor B) - without application (control), KS-25, KS-31, KS-38, KS-54, Consortium and PS-17 (standard). The years of research were characterized as moderately arid in terms of climatic conditions. The preparations had a positive effect on the height of plants, above-ground mass and leaf area, which were determined in the phases of paniculation, cob formation and milk ripeness. The Nur hybrid responded positively to the treatment of crops with preparations KS-25, KS-38 and KS-54, the ROSS-195 hybrid - Consortium, KS-31 and KS-38, Krasnodarskiy-230 - KS-31 and KS-54. The highest aboveground mass in the experiment in the milk ripeness phase of the Nur hybrid was noted in the variant with KS-38 (48.25 t/ha), in the ROSS-195 and Krasnodarskiy-230 hybrids ‒ with KS-54 (67.38 and 58.25 t/ha, respectively). The largest leaf area was observed in the cob formation phase of the Nur hybrid when used in the KS-31 variants, in the ROSS-195 and Krasnodarskiy-230 hybrids when treated with the Consortium preparation. The grain yield of the Nur hybrid in variants with the PS-17, KS-38 and KS-25 preparations increased by 9.6…27.6%, the ROSS-195 hybrid when sprayed with KS-38 and KS ‒ by 15.3…19.7%, the Krasnodarskiy-230 hybrid when using KS-25, KS-54 and PS-17 ‒ by 9.0…28.1%. Preparations with endophytic bacterial strains increased the protein content in the hybrid grain by 0.15…0.73%.

Study of Corn Agrocenoses in Mixed Crops on Gray Forest Soils of Kama Region of the Republic of Tatarstan

Mikhaylova,

Sharafieva,

Nizamov

et al. 2024

The studies were conducted to assess the productivity of mixed crops of corn with other crops in the Republic of Tatarstan. The experiment was carried out in 2022-2023 on gray forest soil with a humus content of 2.1%, mobile phosphorus ‒ 151 mg/kg, potassium ‒ 121 mg/kg. The experimental design included the following options: nutrition background (factor A) - no fertilizers, N30P30K30, N45P45K45, N60P60K60; cropping pattern (factor B) - corn (100%), corn (50%) + peas (50%), corn (50%) + soybeans (50%), corn (50%) + vetch (50%), corn (33.3%) + vetch (33.3%) + oats (33.3%), corn (50%) + sweet clover (50%). Azofoska (15:15:15) was applied as fertilizer during pre-sowing cultivation. Before sowing, the seeds were mixed according to the experimental scheme, based on the recommended rates for pure crop sowings: corn - 80 thousand pcs./ha, peas - 1.2 million pcs./ha, soybeans - 750 thousand pcs./ha, vetch - 800 thousand pcs./ha, oats - 5 million pcs./ha, sweet clover - 6 million pcs./ha. The optimal ratio of plant heights of the studied mixtures was noted in the variants corn + pea, corn + vetch and corn + vetch + oats. The highest aboveground mass in the experiment was recorded against the background of N60P60K60 in the milky ripeness phase of corn grain in mixed crops with peas - 27.80 t/ha. The highest above-ground mass of the second crop in the mixture was formed by soybeans on the backgrounds of N60P60K60 and N45P45K45 (4.60 t/ha each). The highest yield of green mass was provided by the application of N45P45K45; further increase in the fertilizer rate is impractical. The highest yield of green mass was noted in the crops of corn + vetch + oats (25.50 t/ha) and corn + soybeans (24.80 t/ha).