Bacterial Endophytes in Plant Tissue Culture: Mode of Action, Detection, and Control

Abstract

Endophytic bacteria have been increasingly in the focus of research projects during the last decade. This has changed the view on bacteria in plant tissue culture and led to the differentiation between artificially introduced contaminations and naturally occurring endophytes with neutral, negative, or positive impact on the plant propagation process. This review chapter gives an overview on recent findings about the impact that bacteria have on the plant physiology in general and during micropropagation. Additionally, methods for the detection and identification of bacteria in plant tissue are described and, finally, suggestions of how to deal with bacterial endophytes in in vitro culture are given.

In vitro performance in cotton plants with different genetic backgrounds: the case of Gossypium hirsutum in Mexico, and its implications for germplasm conservation

“…microbial growth , measured as observable growth of either bacterial or fungal organisms associated to plant tissue, potentially attributable to possible endophyte overgrowth (W T N = 75, W N = 75, D N = 75, D T = 75). In accordance with Quambusch & Winkelmann (2018), we only considered as possible endophytes those microorganisms growing directly on the explant, not in the culture media;…”

Biotization of Endophytes Trichoderma asperellum and Bacillus subtilis in Mentha spicata Microplants to Promote Growth, Pathogen Tolerance and Specialized Plant Metabolites

“…Endophytic bacteria, such as B. subtilis , can protect plants by producing antibiotics that inhibit pathogen development and promote induced systemic resistance (ISR) [ 31 ]. Inoculation of endophyte microorganisms during micropropagation is an alternative that can improve crop quality and increase the content of specialized metabolites such as flavonoids and phenolic compounds in general [ 25 , 32 , 33 ].…”

Potential Role and Utilization of Plant Growth Promoting Microbes in Plant Tissue Culture

“…A few years later, Elmeskaoui et al (1995) have shown that biotized plant tissue cultures benefit from microbial presence through an improvement in photosynthetic efficiency and biomass production. Generally, PGPB improve growth by releasing PGRs required for vitropropagation (Quambusch and Winkelmann, 2018). Auxins and cytokinins biosynthesis are widespread among rhizobacteria, and different biosynthesis pathways have been identified (Kado, 1984;Amara et al, 2015).…”