Bacterial exopolysaccharides – a perception

Abstract

Microbial polysaccharides are multifunctional and can be divided into intracellular polysaccharides, structural polysaccharides and extracellular polysaccharides or exopolysaccharides (EPS). Extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), produced by both prokaryotes (eubacteria and archaebacteria) and eukaryotes (phytoplankton, fungi, and algae), have been of topical research interest. Newer approaches are carried out today to replace the traditionally used plant gums by their bacterial counterparts. The bacterial exopolysaccharides represent a wide range of chemical structures, but have not yet acquired appreciable significance. Chemically, EPS are rich in high molecular weight polysaccharides (10 to 30 kDa) and have heteropolymeric composition. They have new-fangled applications due to the unique properties they possess. Owing to this, exopolysaccharides have found multifarious applications in the food, pharmaceutical and other industries. Hence, the present article converges on bacterial exopolysaccharides.

Antimicrobial bacteriophage-derived proteins and therapeutic applications

“…110 For many encapsulated bacteria, polysaccharides are major determinants for survival, promoting host virulence, protection from desiccation, and protection from phagocytosis and antimicrobials. [111][112][113] For phage, polysaccharides can pose as a physical barrier to the cell surface receptors needed for adsorption. Polysaccharides are classified based on their morphological localization as being either intracellular polysaccharides, structural polysaccharides (i.e.…”

Optimization of Production and Preliminary Characterization of New Exopolysaccharides from <i>Gluconacetobacter hansenii</i> LMG1524

“…The type of carbon and nitrogen supplied as nutrients to bacteria are known to influence the EPS yields depending on their composition and relative amounts [19,31,32]. The influence of the carbon substrate on growth and EPS production by G. hansenii LMG1524 was studied in a medium containing a salt base (see Materials and Methods), 10 g/L of the carbon substrate and 1.5 g/L of sodium glutamate as the nitrogen source.…”

“…The EPS production yield of a bacterium is influenced by culture conditions and medium composition [19,20]. Furthermore, the design of these parameters is important for improving the efficiency of synthesis in liquid medium.…”

Optimization of Carbon and Nitrogen Sources for Extracellular Polymeric Substances Production by Chryseobacterium indologenes MUT.2

“…They found that the highest EPS production of the strain in the sucrose containing medium. Qiang et al (18) 4 , and NaNO 3 ) were studied to define an optimal medium. A significant increase in the levan yield from 5.27 up to 15.42 g.L -1 under these conditions was found (19).…”

“…tion (4). Carbon and nitrogen sources generally play a significant role, because these nutrients are directly linked to the cell proliferation and metabolite biosynthesis (5,6).…”