Bacterial Tracheitis with Upper Airway Obstruction in a Patient with the Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome

Abstract

Bacterial tracheitis after an upper viral respiratory infection is a well-recognized entity in the pediatric literature. Bacterial tracheitis has only recently been reported in adults, and it is a potentially life-threatening illness. We report a case of bacterial tracheitis in a patient with AIDS.

Tracheobronchitis Caused by Methicillin-Resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> as a Cause of Chronic Wheezing in a Non-Ventilated Adult Patient with Tracheobronchomalacia

“…The references cited in these articles were examined to identify additional reports. We found 35 cases of tracheobronchitis in non-ventilated adults [4,5,32,33,34,35,36,37,38,39,40,41,42,43,44,45]. We excluded 19 of them since the diagnosis was not based on endoscopic findings [34,35,43,44,45].…”

“…Five cases were not from the English literature and were also excluded [5,39]. Thus 11 cases were included in our analysis (table 1) [4,32,33,36,37,38,40,41,42]. Females seem to have a higher incidence of tracheobronchitis than males (8/11, 72.7%).…”

“…Some authors postulate that the smaller size of the trachea in females renders them more susceptible to tracheitis [42]. All 3 males were immunocompromised either from HIV infection [37], from chronic steroid use [38] or from recent systemic viral illness [4]. On the other hand, only 25% (2/8) of female patients were immunocompromised (underlying malignancy) [36,42].…”

“…However, the rarity of the condition prohibits definite characterization of its epidemiology. Bronchoscopy was used for diagnosis of tracheobronchitis in 5/10 (50%) cases [4,36,37,38,42], laryngoscopy in 6/10 (60%) cases [33,37,40,41,42] and both methods were used in 1 case [37]. The diagnosis was based on autopsy in 1 case [32].…”

Nodular tracheobronchitis in a patient with lymphoma: an unusual presentation of viridans streptococcal respiratory tract infection

“…Bacterial tracheobronchitis is a lower respiratory tract infection involving the tracheobronchial tree, while sparing the lung parenchyma. It rarely occurs in non‐ventilated adult patients and has been reported in just several cases . Most of cases have been diagnosed by bronchoscopy or laryngoscopy and little is known about the computed tomography (CT) finding.…”