Bacteriocins from Dairy Propionibacteria and Inducible Bacteriocins of Lactic Acid Bacteria

Barefoot, Susan F.; Grinstead, Dale

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-355510-6.50018-x

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…The AIP is secreted to the medium, being sensed by the membrane-associate HPK, which activates by phosphorylation the RR, which then activates expression of all operons necessary for bacteriocin synthesis, transport, and regulation [ 41 , 42 ]. In these systems, the quorum sensing mechanism is not sufficient to maintain bacteriocin production in highly diluted cultures [ 36 , 41 – 43 ], since concentration of the autoinducers (AIPs) or peptide pheromones produced is not sufficient to trigger full bacteriocin production, suggesting the involvement of other (environmental) factors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Purification and genetic characterization of gassericin E, a novel co-culture inducible bacteriocin from Lactobacillus gasseri EV1461 isolated from the vagina of a healthy woman

et al. 2016

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BackgroundLactobacillus gasseri is one of the dominant Lactobacillus species in the vaginal ecosystem. Some strains of this species have a high potential for being used as probiotics in order to maintain vaginal homeostasis, since they may confer colonization resistance against pathogens in the vagina by direct inhibition through production of antimicrobial compounds, as bacteriocins. In this work we have studied bacteriocin production of gassericin E (GasE), a novel bacteriocin produced by L. gasseri EV1461, a strain isolated from the vagina of a healthy woman, and whose production was shown to be promoted by the presence of certain specific bacteria in co-culture. Biochemical and genetic characterization of this novel bacteriocin are addressed.ResultsWe found that the inhibitory spectrum of L. gasseri EV1461 was broad, being directed to species both related and non-related to the producing strain. Interestingly, L. gasseri EV1461 inhibited the grown of pathogens usually associated with bacterial vaginosis (BV). The antimicrobial activity was due to the production of a novel bacteriocin, gassericin E (GasE). Production of this bacteriocin in broth medium only was achieved at high cell densities. At low cell densities, bacteriocin production ceased and only was restored after the addition of a supernatant from a previous bacteriocin-producing EV1461 culture (autoinduction), or through co-cultivation with several other Gram-positive strains (inducing bacteria). DNA sequence of the GasE locus revealed the presence of two putative operons which could be involved in biosynthesis and immunity of this bacteriocin (gaeAXI), and in regulation, transport and processing (gaePKRTC). The gaePKR encodes a putative three-component regulatory system, involving an autoinducer peptide (GaeP), a histidine protein kinase (GaeK) and a response regulator (GaeR), while the gaeTC encodes for an ABC transporter (GaeT) and their accessory protein (GaeC), involved in transport and processing of the bacteriocin. The gaeAXI, encodes for the bacteriocin gassericin E (GasE), a putative peptide bacteriocin (GaeX), and their immunity protein (GaeI).ConclusionsThe origin of the strain (vagina of healthy woman) and its ability to produce bacteriocins with inhibitory activity against vaginal pathogens may be an advantage for using L. gasseri EV1461 as a probiotic strain to fight and/or prevent bacterial infections as bacterial vaginosis (BV), since it could be better adapted to live and compete into the vaginal environment.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12866-016-0663-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Purification and genetic characterization of gassericin E, a novel co-culture inducible bacteriocin from Lactobacillus gasseri EV1461 isolated from the vagina of a healthy woman

et al. 2016

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“…Hence, bacteriocin production seems to be aimed to compete against other bacteria which are present in the same ecological niche (4,19,20,43). It has been shown that bacteriocin production provides the producer strain with a selective advantage over other nonproducing, isogenic bacteria (46).…”

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confidence: 99%

Purification and Genetic Characterization of Plantaricin NC8, a Novel Coculture-Inducible Two-Peptide Bacteriocin fromLactobacillus plantarumNC8

Maldonado

Ruiz-Barba

Jiménez-Dı́az

2003

Appl Environ Microbiol

155

107

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A new, coculture-inducible two-peptide bacteriocin named plantaricin NC8 (PLNC8) was isolated from Lactobacillus plantarum NC8 cultures which had been induced with Lactococcus lactis MG1363 or Pediococcus pentosaceus FBB63. This bacteriocin consists of two distinct peptides, named ␣ and ␤, which were separated by C 2 -C 18 reverse-phase chromatography and whose complementary action is necessary for full plantaricin NC8 activity. N-terminal sequencing of both purified peptides showed 28 and 34 amino acids residues for PLNC8␣ and PLNC8␤, respectively, which showed no sequence similarity to other known bacteriocins. Mass spectrometry analysis showed molecular masses of 3,587 Da (␣) and 4,000 Da (␤). The corresponding genes, designated plNC8A and plNC8B, were sequenced, and their nucleotide sequences revealed that both peptides are produced as bacteriocin precursors of 47 and 55 amino acids, respectively, which include N-terminal leader sequences of the double-glycine type. The mature ␣ and ␤ peptides contain 29 and 34 amino acids, respectively. An open reading frame, orfC, which encodes a putative immunity protein was found downstream of plNC8B and overlapping plNC8A. Upstream of the putative ؊35 region of plNC8B, two direct repeats of 9 bp were identified, which agrees with the consensus sequence and structure of promoters of class II bacteriocin operons whose expression is dependent on an autoinduction mechanism.Many lactic acid bacteria (LAB) produce antimicrobial peptides known as bacteriocins, which are directed mainly to inhibit the growth of related species or species with the same nutritive requirements (14,31,35,52). Hence, bacteriocin production seems to be aimed to compete against other bacteria which are present in the same ecological niche (4,19,20,43). It has been shown that bacteriocin production provides the producer strain with a selective advantage over other nonproducing, isogenic bacteria (46). On the other hand, it might be expected that biosynthesis of bacteriocins is a high-energyconsuming process, providing an advantage to the producer strain only if the cost/benefit ratio is favorable (19,43). It is well known that biosynthesis of proteinaceous substances is a high-energy-consuming process and for this reason is well controlled by molecular regulatory systems such as induction and catabolic repression, for instance. This suggests that bacteriocin production by LAB should also be controlled and regulated by these molecular mechanisms.Bacteria must be able to adapt their metabolism to the changing environmental conditions. This adaptation requires that bacteria sense the multitude of extracellular signals and respond by controlling the expression of an adequate repertoire of genes. Thus, bacteriocin production has been shown to be influenced by pH (1,5,6,32,34), temperature (17, 37, 54), medium composition (3, 13, 26, 27, 55), DNA-damaging agents (24,25,42), and growth conditions (8,15,28,32). However, how the presence of competing microorganisms affects production of bacteriocins is still qu...

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“…bacteriocin production seems to be a defence mechanism directed to compete for nutrients 7 against other bacteria in the same environment (Barefoot and Grinstead 1993;Dykes 1995;8 Dykes and Hastings 1997;Riley 1998). 9…”

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confidence: 99%

Production of plantaricin NC8 by Lactobacillus plantarum NC8 is induced in the presence of different types of gram-positive bacteria

Maldonado

Ruiz-Barba

Jiménez-Dı́az

2004

Archives of Microbiology

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Bacteriocins from Dairy Propionibacteria and Inducible Bacteriocins of Lactic Acid Bacteria

Cited by 9 publications

References 46 publications

Purification and genetic characterization of gassericin E, a novel co-culture inducible bacteriocin from Lactobacillus gasseri EV1461 isolated from the vagina of a healthy woman

Purification and genetic characterization of gassericin E, a novel co-culture inducible bacteriocin from Lactobacillus gasseri EV1461 isolated from the vagina of a healthy woman

Purification and Genetic Characterization of Plantaricin NC8, a Novel Coculture-Inducible Two-Peptide Bacteriocin fromLactobacillus plantarumNC8

Production of plantaricin NC8 by Lactobacillus plantarum NC8 is induced in the presence of different types of gram-positive bacteria

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