Bacteriological Profile and Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern of Neonatal Sepsis at a Teaching Hospital in Bayelsa State, Nigeria

Abstract

Background: Sepsis is one of the most common causes of neonatal hospital admissions and is estimated to cause 26% of all neonatal deaths worldwide. While waiting for results of blood culture, it is necessary to initiate an empirical choice of antibiotics based on the epidemiology of causative agents and antibiotic sensitivity pattern in a locality. Objective: To determine the major causative organisms of neonatal sepsis at the Niger Delta University Teaching Hospital (NDUTH), as well as their antibiotic sensitivity patterns, with the aim of formulating treatment protocols for neonates. Methods: Within a 27-month period (1st of October 2011 to the 31st of December 2013), results of blood culture for all neonates screened for sepsis at the Special Care Baby Unit of the hospital were retrospectively studied. Results: Two hundred and thirty-three (49.6%) of the 450 neonates admitted were screened for sepsis. Ninety-seven (43.5%) of them were blood culture positive, with 52 (53.6%) of the isolated organisms being Gram positive and 45 (46.4%) Gram negative. The most frequently isolated organism was Staphylococcus aureus (51.5%) followed by Escherichia coli (16.5%) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (14.4%). All isolated organisms demonstrated the highest sensitivity to the quinolones. Conclusion: Neonatal sepsis is a significant cause of morbidity among neonates admitted at the NDUTH. There is a need for regular periodic surveillance of the causative organisms of neonatal sepsis as well as their antibiotic susceptibility pattern to inform the empirical choice of antibiotic prescription while awaiting blood culture results.

Clinical and bacteriological study of neonatal septicaemia in a tertiary care hospital

“…Similar observation was made by Peterside O et al and Jyothi P et al 14,17 Sexual dimorphism from the human immune response is quite clear. Khatua situated on the X chromosome.…”

Aetiology of invasive bacterial infection and antimicrobial resistance in neonates in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis in line with the STROBE-NI reporting guidelines

“…Only few studies reported use of Etest 72,73,106,107 or microdilution 59 on all or some isolates. Several established guidelines for resistance interpretation were referenced: Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI; 36 stu dies), 24,31,36,56,59,63,70,72,73,84,[86][87][88]93,96,99,103,106,[108][109][110][111][112][113][114][115][116][117][118][119][120][121][122][123][124][125] EUCAST, 107 British Society for Antimicrobial Therapy, 60,61,71,97 and French Society of Microbiology. 91 Only 12 (15%) of 81 observational studies provided context by describing the pathway of neonatal presentation.…”

Predictive model for bacterial late-onset neonatal sepsis in a tertiary care hospital in Thailand

“…Data from four other countries, including Thailand, found an incidence of 5 per 1000 live births [17]. The prevalence was 21.8 or more in Nigeria [12,13]. A report from the largest hospital in Indonesia found an incidence of 35% [44].…”

“…The exact data of neonatal sepsis in the LMIC is limited [8][9][10][11]. Two studies from Nigeria showed a prevalence rate of 47.2 and 21.8% [12,13]. A study from Indonesia found 46.6% prevalence [14].…”