Bad apples, bad cases, and bad barrels: Meta-analytic evidence about sources of unethical decisions at work.

Kish-Gephart, Jennifer J.; Harrison, David A.; Treviño, Linda Klebe

doi:10.1037/a0017103

Cited by 1,338 publications

(1,164 citation statements)

References 293 publications

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“…However, business ethics research findings of gender differences in ethical awareness and behavior are mixed (Kish-Gephart et al, 2010). While some empirical studies have found evidence that women are more ethical than men or more sensitive to the presence of ethical issues (Betz et al, 1989;Dawson, 1997), other research has found no differences (Kish-Gephart et al, 2010).…”

Section: Gendermentioning

confidence: 96%

Business Ethics: The Promise of Neuroscience

2016

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Recent advances in cognitive neuroscience research portend well for furthering understanding of many of the fundamental questions in the field of business ethics, both normative and empirical. This article provides an overview of neuroscience methodology and brain structures, and explores the areas in which neuroscience research has contributed findings of value to business ethics, as well as suggesting areas for future research. Neuroscience research is especially capable of providing insight into individual reactions to ethical issues, while also raising challenging normative questions about the nature of moral responsibility, autonomy, intent, and free will. This article also provides a brief summary of the papers included in this special issue, attesting to the richness of scholarly inquiry linking neuroscience and business ethics. We conclude that neuroscience offers considerable promise to the field of business ethics, but we caution against overpromise.

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Section: Gendermentioning

confidence: 96%

Business Ethics: The Promise of Neuroscience

2016

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“…For instance, only moral identity internalization (not symbolization) predicted actual donations (Aquino & Reed, 2002). Because gender differences in ethical behavior (not only ethical intentions) do emerge (Kish-Gephart et al, 2010), the internalization construct is more theoretically relevant than is the symbolization construct.…”

Section: A Social-cognitive Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For instance, Dreber and Johannesson (2008) explored deceptive behavior via an economic game (the ''Deception Game") and found that only 38% of women lied to secure a monetary benefit, relative to 55% of men. In a meta-analysis, Kish-Gephart, Harrison, and Trevino (2010) found gender differences to emerge not only for ethical intentions, but also for ethical behavior.…”

Section: Outside the Negotiation Contextmentioning

confidence: 99%

A social-cognitive approach to understanding gender differences in negotiator ethics: The role of moral identity

Kennedy

Kray

2017

Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes

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a b s t r a c tTo date, gender differences in ethics have received little theoretical attention. We utilize a socialcognitive framework to explain why these differences emerge and when women engage in less unethical negotiating behavior than do men. We propose that, relative to men's, women's stronger moral identities suppress unethical negotiating behavior. Study 1 establishes a gender difference in moral identity strength through a meta-analysis of over 19,000 people. Study 2 observes gender differences in two aspects of negotiator ethics -moral disengagement and opportunism. Study 3 establishes moral identity strength as an antecedent to negotiator ethics. Finally, Studies 4 and 5 explore financial incentives as a situational moderator. Because financial incentives temporarily decrease the salience of moral identity, they could mitigate gender differences in negotiator ethics, leading women to act more like men. Across both studies, financial incentives impacted women's (but not men's) unethical negotiating behavior. Our findings help to explain why and when gender differences in ethics emerge.

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“…In this current setting, the intention to report is central to the error management climate within the organisation as Van Dyck et al (2005) state that communication about errors constitutes the most important error management practice. The three antecedents correspond closely with the idea that actions and responses are the result of the interaction between the individual and the situational (Trevino 1986) and that behaviour within organisations is at least in some way influenced by an amalgamation of individual morality, collective moral emotion and work climate (Kish-Gephart et al 2010). …”

Section: Module 2: the Intention To Report Operational Risk Events Sumentioning

confidence: 99%

Internally Reporting Risk in Financial Services: An Empirical Analysis

et al. 2017

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The enduring failure of financial institutions to identify and deal with risk events continues to have serious repercussions, whether in the form of small but significant losses or major and potentially far-reaching scandals. Using a mixed-methods approach that combines an innovative version of the classic dictator game to inform prosocial tendencies with the survey-based Theory of Planned Behaviour, we examine the risk-escalation behaviour of individuals within a large financial institution. We discover evidence of purely selfish behaviour that explains the lack significance in pressure to adhere to the Subjective Norms of colleagues around intention to report risks. A finding that has potentially important implications for efforts to instil a high-error management climate and incentivise risk reporting within organisations where risk, if ignored or unchecked, could ultimately have consequences that extend far beyond the institutions themselves.

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Bad apples, bad cases, and bad barrels: Meta-analytic evidence about sources of unethical decisions at work.

Cited by 1,338 publications

References 293 publications

Business Ethics: The Promise of Neuroscience

Business Ethics: The Promise of Neuroscience

A social-cognitive approach to understanding gender differences in negotiator ethics: The role of moral identity

Internally Reporting Risk in Financial Services: An Empirical Analysis

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